πενία

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From πένης (pénēs, “poor”) or πενέω (penéō, “to be poor”) +‎ -ίᾱ (-íā).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pe.ní.aː/ → /peˈni.a/ → /peˈni.a/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pe.ní.aː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /peˈni.a/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /peˈni.a/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /peˈni.a/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /peˈni.a/

Noun

πενῐ́ᾱ • (penĭ́ā) f (genitive πενῐ́ᾱς); first declension

1. poverty, indigence, beggary

   Antonyms: περῐουσῐ́ᾱ (perĭousĭ́ā), πλοῦτος (ploûtos)

Inflection

First declension of ἡ πενῐ́ᾱ; τῆς πενῐ́ᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ πενῐ́ᾱ hē penĭ́ā	τὼ πενῐ́ᾱ tṑ penĭ́ā	αἱ πενῐ́αι hai penĭ́ai
Genitive	τῆς πενῐ́ᾱς tês penĭ́ās	τοῖν πενῐ́αιν toîn penĭ́ain	τῶν πενῐῶν tôn penĭôn
Dative	τῇ πενῐ́ᾳ têi penĭ́āi	τοῖν πενῐ́αιν toîn penĭ́ain	ταῖς πενῐ́αις taîs penĭ́ais
Accusative	τὴν πενῐ́ᾱν tḕn penĭ́ān	τὼ πενῐ́ᾱ tṑ penĭ́ā	τᾱ̀ς πενῐ́ᾱς tā̀s penĭ́ās
Vocative	πενῐ́ᾱ penĭ́ā	πενῐ́ᾱ penĭ́ā	πενῐ́αι penĭ́ai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “πενία”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πενία”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• πενία in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • beggary idem, page 70.
  • indigence idem, page 433.
  • narrow idem, page 551.
  • need idem, page 554.
  • neediness idem, page 554.
  • penury idem, page 604.
  • poverty idem, page 630.
  • want idem, page 961.