ξυστός

Ancient Greek

Etymology 1

From the root of ξύω (xúō, “to scrape, plane”) +‎ -τός (-tós, adjectival suffix).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ksys.tós/ → /ksysˈtos/ → /ksisˈtos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ksys.tós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ksysˈtos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ksysˈtos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ksysˈtos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ksisˈtos/

Adjective

ξῠστός • (xustós) m (feminine ξῠστή, neuter ξῠστόν); first/second declension

1. shaved, whittled with a knife or plane
2. scraped, shredded, grated
3. trimmed, cropped with scissors

Declension

First and second declension of ξῠστός; ξῠστή; ξῠστόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ξῠστός xustós	ξῠστή xustḗ	ξῠστόν xustón		ξῠστώ xustṓ	ξῠστᾱ́ xustā́	ξῠστώ xustṓ		ξῠστοί xustoí	ξῠσταί xustaí	ξῠστᾰ́ xustá
Genitive		ξῠστοῦ xustoû	ξῠστῆς xustês	ξῠστοῦ xustoû		ξῠστοῖν xustoîn	ξῠσταῖν xustaîn	ξῠστοῖν xustoîn		ξῠστῶν xustôn	ξῠστῶν xustôn	ξῠστῶν xustôn
Dative		ξῠστῷ xustôi	ξῠστῇ xustêi	ξῠστῷ xustôi		ξῠστοῖν xustoîn	ξῠσταῖν xustaîn	ξῠστοῖν xustoîn		ξῠστοῖς xustoîs	ξῠσταῖς xustaîs	ξῠστοῖς xustoîs
Accusative		ξῠστόν xustón	ξῠστήν xustḗn	ξῠστόν xustón		ξῠστώ xustṓ	ξῠστᾱ́ xustā́	ξῠστώ xustṓ		ξῠστούς xustoús	ξῠστᾱ́ς xustā́s	ξῠστᾰ́ xustá
Vocative		ξῠστέ xusté	ξῠστή xustḗ	ξῠστόν xustón		ξῠστώ xustṓ	ξῠστᾱ́ xustā́	ξῠστώ xustṓ		ξῠστοί xustoí	ξῠσταί xustaí	ξῠστᾰ́ xustá
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		ξῠστῶς xustôs				ξῠστότερος xustóteros				ξῠστότᾰτος xustótatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Etymology 2

From the adjective, in the sense of "smoothened floor".

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ksys.tós/ → /ksysˈtos/ → /ksisˈtos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ksys.tós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ksysˈtos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ksysˈtos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ksysˈtos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ksisˈtos/

Noun

ξῠστός • (xustós) m (genitive ξῠστοῦ); second declension

1. walking-place in the grounds of a private residence
2. (architecture) covered colonnade in a gymnasium, for winter exercise
3. meeting of athletes from various places to compete in sports

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ ξῠστός; τοῦ ξῠστοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ξῠστός ho xustós	τὼ ξῠστώ tṑ xustṓ	οἱ ξῠστοί hoi xustoí
Genitive	τοῦ ξῠστοῦ toû xustoû	τοῖν ξῠστοῖν toîn xustoîn	τῶν ξῠστῶν tôn xustôn
Dative	τῷ ξῠστῷ tôi xustôi	τοῖν ξῠστοῖν toîn xustoîn	τοῖς ξῠστοῖς toîs xustoîs
Accusative	τὸν ξῠστόν tòn xustón	τὼ ξῠστώ tṑ xustṓ	τοὺς ξῠστούς toùs xustoús
Vocative	ξῠστέ xusté	ξῠστώ xustṓ	ξῠστοί xustoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ξῠστᾰρχέω (xustarkhéō)
• ξῠστᾰ́ρχης (xustárkhēs)
• ξῠστᾰρχῐ́ᾱ (xustarkhíā)
• ξῠστῐκός (xustikós)

 

Descendants

• → Latin: xystus

Further reading

• “ξυστός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ξυστός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ξυστός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ξυστός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN