ξυστός

Ancient Greek

Etymology 1

From the root of ξύω (xúō, “to scrape, plane”) +‎ -τός (-tós, adjectival suffix).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ksys.tós/ → /ksysˈtos/ → /ksisˈtos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ksys.tós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ksysˈtos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ksysˈtos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ksysˈtos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ksisˈtos/

Adjective

ξῠστός • (xŭstós) m (feminine ξῠστή, neuter ξῠστόν); first/second declension

1. shaved, whittled with a knife or plane
2. scraped, shredded, grated
3. trimmed, cropped with scissors

Declension

First and second declension of ξῠστός; ξῠστή; ξῠστόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ξῠστός xŭstós	ξῠστή xŭstḗ	ξῠστόν xŭstón		ξῠστώ xŭstṓ	ξῠστᾱ́ xŭstā́	ξῠστώ xŭstṓ		ξῠστοί xŭstoí	ξῠσταί xŭstaí	ξῠστᾰ́ xŭstắ
Genitive		ξῠστοῦ xŭstoû	ξῠστῆς xŭstês	ξῠστοῦ xŭstoû		ξῠστοῖν xŭstoîn	ξῠσταῖν xŭstaîn	ξῠστοῖν xŭstoîn		ξῠστῶν xŭstôn	ξῠστῶν xŭstôn	ξῠστῶν xŭstôn
Dative		ξῠστῷ xŭstôi	ξῠστῇ xŭstêi	ξῠστῷ xŭstôi		ξῠστοῖν xŭstoîn	ξῠσταῖν xŭstaîn	ξῠστοῖν xŭstoîn		ξῠστοῖς xŭstoîs	ξῠσταῖς xŭstaîs	ξῠστοῖς xŭstoîs
Accusative		ξῠστόν xŭstón	ξῠστήν xŭstḗn	ξῠστόν xŭstón		ξῠστώ xŭstṓ	ξῠστᾱ́ xŭstā́	ξῠστώ xŭstṓ		ξῠστούς xŭstoús	ξῠστᾱ́ς xŭstā́s	ξῠστᾰ́ xŭstắ
Vocative		ξῠστέ xŭsté	ξῠστή xŭstḗ	ξῠστόν xŭstón		ξῠστώ xŭstṓ	ξῠστᾱ́ xŭstā́	ξῠστώ xŭstṓ		ξῠστοί xŭstoí	ξῠσταί xŭstaí	ξῠστᾰ́ xŭstắ
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		ξῠστῶς xŭstôs				ξῠστότερος xŭstóteros				ξῠστότᾰτος xŭstótătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Etymology 2

From the adjective, in the sense of "smoothened floor".

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ksys.tós/ → /ksysˈtos/ → /ksisˈtos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ksys.tós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ksysˈtos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ksysˈtos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ksysˈtos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ksisˈtos/

Noun

ξῠστός • (xŭstós) m (genitive ξῠστοῦ); second declension

1. walking-place in the grounds of a private residence
2. (architecture) covered colonnade in a gymnasium, for winter exercise
3. meeting of athletes from various places to compete in sports

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ ξῠστός; τοῦ ξῠστοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ξῠστός ho xŭstós	τὼ ξῠστώ tṑ xŭstṓ	οἱ ξῠστοί hoi xŭstoí
Genitive	τοῦ ξῠστοῦ toû xŭstoû	τοῖν ξῠστοῖν toîn xŭstoîn	τῶν ξῠστῶν tôn xŭstôn
Dative	τῷ ξῠστῷ tôi xŭstôi	τοῖν ξῠστοῖν toîn xŭstoîn	τοῖς ξῠστοῖς toîs xŭstoîs
Accusative	τὸν ξῠστόν tòn xŭstón	τὼ ξῠστώ tṑ xŭstṓ	τοὺς ξῠστούς toùs xŭstoús
Vocative	ξῠστέ xŭsté	ξῠστώ xŭstṓ	ξῠστοί xŭstoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ξῠστᾰρχέω (xŭstărkhéō)
• ξῠστᾰ́ρχης (xŭstắrkhēs)
• ξῠστᾰρχῐ́ᾱ (xŭstărkhĭ́ā)
• ξῠστῐκός (xŭstĭkós)

Descendants

• → Latin: xystus

Further reading

• “ξυστός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ξυστός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ξυστός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ξυστός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN