ξαίνω
Appearance
Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Hellenic *ksəňňō, from Proto-Indo-European *ksn̥-ye⁄o- (“to scratch; to comb, card”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ksǎi̯.nɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈksɛ.no/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈksɛ.no/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈkse.no/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈkse.no/
Verb
[edit]ξαίνω • (xaínō)
Conjugation
[edit] Present: ξαίνω, ξαίνομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔξαινον | ἔξαινες | ἔξαινε(ν) | ἐξαίνετον | ἐξαινέτην | ἐξαίνομεν | ἐξαίνετε | ἔξαινον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐξαινόμην | ἐξαίνου | ἐξαίνετο | ἐξαίνεσθον | ἐξαινέσθην | ἐξαινόμεθᾰ | ἐξαίνεσθε | ἐξαίνοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ξᾰνέω | ξᾰνέεις | ξᾰνέει | ξᾰνέετον | ξᾰνέετον | ξᾰνέομεν | ξᾰνέετε | ξᾰνέουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | ξᾰνέοιμῐ | ξᾰνέοις | ξᾰνέοι | ξᾰνέοιτον | ξᾰνεοίτην | ξᾰνέοιμεν | ξᾰνέοιτε | ξᾰνέοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | ξᾰνέομαι | ξᾰνέῃ, ξᾰνέει |
ξᾰνέεται | ξᾰνέεσθον | ξᾰνέεσθον | ξᾰνεόμεθᾰ | ξᾰνέεσθε | ξᾰνέονται | ||||
optative | ξᾰνεοίμην | ξᾰνέοιο | ξᾰνέοιτο | ξᾰνέοισθον | ξᾰνεοίσθην | ξᾰνεοίμεθᾰ | ξᾰνέοισθε | ξᾰνέοιντο | |||||
passive | indicative | ξᾰνθήσομαι | ξᾰνθήσῃ | ξᾰνθήσεται | ξᾰνθήσεσθον | ξᾰνθήσεσθον | ξᾰνθησόμεθᾰ | ξᾰνθήσεσθε | ξᾰνθήσονται | ||||
optative | ξᾰνθησοίμην | ξᾰνθήσοιο | ξᾰνθήσοιτο | ξᾰνθήσοισθον | ξᾰνθησοίσθην | ξᾰνθησοίμεθᾰ | ξᾰνθήσοισθε | ξᾰνθήσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | ξᾰνέειν | ξᾰνέεσθαι | ξᾰνθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
participle | m | ξᾰνέων | ξᾰνεόμενος | ξᾰνθησόμενος | |||||||||
f | ξᾰνέουσᾰ | ξᾰνεομένη | ξᾰνθησομένη | ||||||||||
n | ξᾰνέον | ξᾰνεόμενον | ξᾰνθησόμενον | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Perfect: ἔξασμαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἔξασμαι, ἔξαμμαι |
ἔξανσαι | ἔξανται | ἔξανθον | ἔξανθον | ἐξάσμεθᾰ | ἔξανθε | ἐξάνᾰται | ||||
subjunctive | ἐξασμένος ὦ | ἐξασμένος ᾖς | ἐξασμένος ᾖ | ἐξασμένω ἦτον | ἐξασμένω ἦτον | ἐξασμένοι ὦμεν | ἐξασμένοι ἦτε | ἐξασμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ἐξασμένος εἴην | ἐξασμένος εἴης | ἐξασμένος εἴη | ἐξασμένω εἴητον/εἶτον | ἐξασμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην | ἐξασμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν | ἐξασμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε | ἐξασμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν | |||||
imperative | ἔξανσο | ἐξάνθω | ἔξανθον | ἐξάνθων | ἔξανθε | ἐξάνθων | |||||||
middle/passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ἐξᾶνθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ἐξασμένος | |||||||||||
f | ἐξασμένη | ||||||||||||
n | ἐξασμένον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Greek: ξαίνω (xaíno)
Further reading
[edit]- “ξαίνω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ξαίνω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ξαίνω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “ξαίνω”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
- “ξαίνω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Ancient Greek ξαίνω (xaínō), from Proto-Indo-European *ksen- (“to scratch; to comb, card”), from *késr̥ (“comb”), from the root *kes-. Possible cognates include Latin sentis (“thorn”), Irish cíor (“comb”), English hair.
Verb
[edit]Conjugation
[edit]ξαίνω ξαίνομαι
Active voice ➤ | Passive voice ➤ | |||
Indicative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect ➤ | Perfective aspect ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect |
Non-past tenses ➤ | Present ➤ | Dependent ➤ | Present | Dependent |
1 sg | ξαίνω | ξάνω | ξαίνομαι | ξαστώ |
2 sg | ξαίνεις | ξάνεις | ξαίνεσαι | ξαστείς |
3 sg | ξαίνει | ξάνει | ξαίνεται | ξαστεί |
1 pl | ξαίνουμε, [‑ομε] | ξάνουμε, [‑ομε] | ξαινόμαστε | ξαστούμε |
2 pl | ξαίνετε | ξάνετε | ξαίνεστε, ξαινόσαστε | ξαστείτε |
3 pl | ξαίνουν(ε) | ξάνουν(ε) | ξαίνονται | ξαστούν(ε) |
Past tenses ➤ | Imperfect ➤ | Simple past ➤ | Imperfect | Simple past |
1 sg | έξαινα | έξανα | ξαινόμουν(α) | ξάστηκα |
2 sg | έξαινες | έξανες | ξαινόσουν(α) | ξάστηκες |
3 sg | έξαινε | έξανε | ξαινόταν(ε) | ξάστηκε |
1 pl | ξαίναμε | ξάναμε | ξαινόμασταν, (‑όμαστε) | ξαστήκαμε |
2 pl | ξαίνατε | ξάνατε | ξαινόσασταν, (‑όσαστε) | ξαστήκατε |
3 pl | έξαιναν, ξαίναν(ε) | έξαναν, ξάναν(ε) | ξαίνονταν, (ξαινόντουσαν) | ξάστηκαν, ξαστήκαν(ε) |
Future tenses ➤ | Continuous ➤ | Simple ➤ | Continuous | Simple |
1 sg | θα ξαίνω ➤ | θα ξάνω ➤ | θα ξαίνομαι ➤ | θα ξαστώ ➤ |
2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl | θα ξαίνεις, … | θα ξάνεις, … | θα ξαίνεσαι, … | θα ξαστείς, … |
Perfect aspect ➤ | Perfect aspect | |||
Present perfect ➤ | έχω, έχεις, … ξάνει έχω, έχεις, … ξασμένο, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ |
έχω, έχεις, … ξαστεί είμαι, είσαι, … ξασμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ | ||
Past perfect ➤ | είχα, είχες, … ξάνει είχα, είχες, … ξασμένο, ‑η, ‑ο |
είχα, είχες, … ξαστεί ήμουν, ήσουν, … ξασμένος, ‑η, ‑ο | ||
Future perfect ➤ | θα έχω, θα έχεις, … ξάνει θα έχω, θα έχεις, … ξασμένο, ‑η, ‑ο |
θα έχω, θα έχεις, … ξαστεί θα είμαι, θα είσαι, … ξασμένος, ‑η, ‑ο | ||
Subjunctive mood ➤ | Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας). | |||
Imperative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect |
2 sg | ξαίνε | ξάνε | — | ξάσου |
2 pl | ξαίνετε | ξάνετε | ξαίνεστε | ξαστείτε |
Other forms | Active voice | Passive voice | ||
Present participle➤ | ξαίνοντας ➤ | — | ||
Perfect participle➤ | έχοντας ξάνει ➤ | ξασμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ | ||
Nonfinite form➤ | ξάνει | ξαστεί | ||
Notes Appendix:Greek verbs |
• Active imperative perfective (aorist) 2nd plural: ξάνετε, [ξάντε] • (…) optional or informal. […] rare. {…} learned, archaic. • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency. • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive. | |||
Derived terms
[edit]Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ksen-
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek verbs
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- grc:Textiles
- Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ksen-
- Greek terms inherited from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Greek lemmas
- Greek verbs
- el:Textiles
- Greek irregular verbs
- Greek verb conjugation group '-αίνω'