μάχομαι
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Traditionally derived from a Proto-Indo-European *meh₂gʰ- (“to fight”), though Beekes considers said root more likely to be Pre-Greek.[1] See also Old Armenian մաքառիմ (makʻaṙim, “to combat, quarrel”), which may continue this same root. Connections to Ἀμαζών (Amazṓn, “Amazon”) are highly uncertain.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /má.kʰo.mai̯/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈma.kʰo.mɛ/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈma.xo.mɛ/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈma.xo.me/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈma.xo.me/
Verb
[edit]μάχομαι • (mákhomai)
Inflection
[edit] Present: μᾰ́χομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | μᾰ́χομαι | μᾰ́χῃ, μᾰ́χει |
μᾰ́χεται | μᾰ́χεσθον | μᾰ́χεσθον | μᾰχόμεθᾰ | μᾰ́χεσθε | μᾰ́χονται | ||||
subjunctive | μᾰ́χωμαι | μᾰ́χῃ | μᾰ́χηται | μᾰ́χησθον | μᾰ́χησθον | μᾰχώμεθᾰ | μᾰ́χησθε | μᾰ́χωνται | |||||
optative | μᾰχοίμην | μᾰ́χοιο | μᾰ́χοιτο | μᾰ́χοισθον | μᾰχοίσθην | μᾰχοίμεθᾰ | μᾰ́χοισθε | μᾰ́χοιντο | |||||
imperative | μᾰ́χου | μᾰχέσθω | μᾰ́χεσθον | μᾰχέσθων | μᾰ́χεσθε | μᾰχέσθων | |||||||
middle/passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | μᾰ́χεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | μᾰχόμενος | |||||||||||
f | μᾰχομένη | ||||||||||||
n | μᾰχόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Imperfect: ἐμᾰχόμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐμᾰχόμην | ἐμᾰ́χου | ἐμᾰ́χετο | ἐμᾰ́χεσθον | ἐμᾰχέσθην | ἐμᾰχόμεθᾰ | ἐμᾰ́χεσθε | ἐμᾰ́χοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | μᾰχόμην | μᾰ́χου | μᾰ́χετο | μᾰ́χεσθον | μᾰχέσθην | μᾰχόμε(σ)θᾰ | μᾰ́χεσθε | μᾰ́χοντο | ||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | μᾰχεσκόμην | μᾰχέσκου | μᾰχέσκετο | μᾰχέσκεσθον | μᾰχεσκέσθην | μᾰχεσκόμεθᾰ | μᾰχέσκεσθε | μᾰχέσκοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: μᾰχέσομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | μᾰχέσομαι | μᾰχέσῃ, μᾰχέσει |
μᾰχέσεται | μᾰχέσεσθον | μᾰχέσεσθον | μᾰχεσόμεθᾰ | μᾰχέσεσθε | μᾰχέσονται | ||||
optative | μᾰχεσοίμην | μᾰχέσοιο | μᾰχέσοιτο | μᾰχέσοισθον | μᾰχεσοίσθην | μᾰχεσοίμεθᾰ | μᾰχέσοισθε | μᾰχέσοιντο | |||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | μᾰχέσεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | μᾰχεσόμενος | |||||||||||
f | μᾰχεσομένη | ||||||||||||
n | μᾰχεσόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: μᾰχήσομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | μᾰχήσομαι | μᾰχήσῃ, μᾰχήσει |
μᾰχήσεται | μᾰχήσεσθον | μᾰχήσεσθον | μᾰχησόμεθᾰ | μᾰχήσεσθε | μᾰχήσονται | ||||
optative | μᾰχησοίμην | μᾰχήσοιο | μᾰχήσοιτο | μᾰχήσοισθον | μᾰχησοίσθην | μᾰχησοίμεθᾰ | μᾰχήσοισθε | μᾰχήσοιντο | |||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | μᾰχήσεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | μᾰχησόμενος | |||||||||||
f | μᾰχησομένη | ||||||||||||
n | μᾰχησόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | μᾰχέομαι | μᾰχέῃ, μᾰχέει |
μᾰχέεται | μᾰχέεσθον | μᾰχέεσθον | μᾰχεόμεθᾰ | μᾰχέεσθε | μᾰχέονται | ||||
optative | μᾰχεοίμην | μᾰχέοιο | μᾰχέοιτο | μᾰχέοισθον | μᾰχεοίσθην | μᾰχεοίμεθᾰ | μᾰχέοισθε | μᾰχέοιντο | |||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | μᾰχέεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | μᾰχεόμενος | |||||||||||
f | μᾰχεομένη | ||||||||||||
n | μᾰχεόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | μᾰχοῦμαι | μᾰχῇ | μᾰχεῖται | μᾰχεῖσθον | μᾰχεῖσθον | μᾰχούμεθᾰ | μᾰχεῖσθε | μᾰχοῦνται | ||||
optative | μᾰχοίμην | μᾰχοῖο | μᾰχοῖτο | μᾰχοῖσθον | μᾰχοίσθην | μᾰχοίμεθᾰ | μᾰχοῖσθε | μᾰχοῖντο | |||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | μᾰχεῖσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | μᾰχούμενος | |||||||||||
f | μᾰχουμένη | ||||||||||||
n | μᾰχούμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
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Aorist: ἐμᾰχεσᾰ́μην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | ἐμᾰχεσᾰ́μην | ἐμᾰχέσω | ἐμᾰχέσᾰτο | ἐμᾰχέσᾰσθον | ἐμᾰχεσᾰ́σθην | ἐμᾰχεσᾰ́μεθᾰ | ἐμᾰχέσᾰσθε | ἐμᾰχέσᾰντο | ||||
subjunctive | μᾰχέσωμαι | μᾰχέσῃ | μᾰχέσηται | μᾰχέσησθον | μᾰχέσησθον | μᾰχεσώμεθᾰ | μᾰχέσησθε | μᾰχέσωνται | |||||
optative | μᾰχεσαίμην | μᾰχέσαιο | μᾰχέσαιτο | μᾰχέσαισθον | μᾰχεσαίσθην | μᾰχεσαίμεθᾰ | μᾰχέσαισθε | μᾰχέσαιντο | |||||
imperative | μᾰ́χεσαι | μᾰχεσᾰ́σθω | μᾰχέσᾰσθον | μᾰχεσᾰ́σθων | μᾰχέσᾰσθε | μᾰχεσᾰ́σθων | |||||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | μᾰχέσᾰσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | μᾰχεσᾰ́μενος | |||||||||||
f | μᾰχεσᾰμένη | ||||||||||||
n | μᾰχεσᾰ́μενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Perfect: μεμᾰ́χημαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | μεμᾰ́χημαι | μεμᾰ́χησαι | μεμᾰ́χηται | μεμᾰ́χησθον | μεμᾰ́χησθον | μεμᾰχήμεθᾰ | μεμᾰ́χησθε | μεμᾰ́χηνται | ||||
subjunctive | μεμᾰχημένος ὦ | μεμᾰχημένος ᾖς | μεμᾰχημένος ᾖ | μεμᾰχημένω ἦτον | μεμᾰχημένω ἦτον | μεμᾰχημένοι ὦμεν | μεμᾰχημένοι ἦτε | μεμᾰχημένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | μεμᾰχημένος εἴην | μεμᾰχημένος εἴης | μεμᾰχημένος εἴη | μεμᾰχημένω εἴητον/εἶτον | μεμᾰχημένω εἰήτην/εἴτην | μεμᾰχημένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν | μεμᾰχημένοι εἴητε/εἶτε | μεμᾰχημένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν | |||||
imperative | μεμᾰ́χησο | μεμᾰχήσθω | μεμᾰ́χησθον | μεμᾰχήσθων | μεμᾰ́χησθε | μεμᾰχήσθων | |||||||
middle/passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | μεμᾰχῆσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | μεμᾰχημένος | |||||||||||
f | μεμᾰχημένη | ||||||||||||
n | μεμᾰχημένον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms
[edit]- ἀμφιμάχομαι (amphimákhomai)
- ἀναμάχομαι (anamákhomai)
- ἀντιμάχομαι (antimákhomai)
- ἀπομάχομαι (apomákhomai)
- διαμάχομαι (diamákhomai)
- ἐμμάχομαι (emmákhomai)
- ἐπιμάχομαι (epimákhomai)
- καταμάχομαι (katamákhomai)
- περιμάχομαι (perimákhomai)
- προμάχομαι (promákhomai)
- προσμάχομαι (prosmákhomai)
- συμμάχομαι (summákhomai)
- ὑπερμάχομαι (hupermákhomai)
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “μάχομαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 916–917
Further reading
[edit]- “μάχομαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “μάχομαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “μάχομαι”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- μάχομαι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- μάχομαι in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- G3164 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Ancient Greek μάχομαι (mákhomai).
Verb
[edit]μάχομαι • (máchomai) deponent found only in the present tense
Conjugation
[edit]This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Related terms
[edit]- αντιμάχομαι (antimáchomai, “to resist”)
- αντιμαχόμενος (antimachómenos, “conflicting”, adjective)
- αντίμαχος m (antímachos, “opponent”)
- μάχη m (máchi, “battle”)
- μαχητής m (machitís, “soldier”)
- μαχητικός (machitikós, “fighting”, adjective)
- μαχητικότητα m (machitikótita, “fighting spirit”)
- μαχήτρια f (machítria, “soldier”)
- μάχιμος (máchimos, “battle ready”, adjective)
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek verbs
- Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms
- Greek terms inherited from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Greek lemmas
- Greek verbs
- Greek deponent verbs