κώνειον
Ancient Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- κονή (konḗ)
Etymology
[edit]From κόνις (kónis, “dust”) + -ειον (-eion). This reference to dust is often used figuratively in contexts involving deadly exertion, such as fights to the death. The suffix, which forms nouns indicating a place or tool, suggests that poison hemlock is the agent or setting of dire struggle, leading those who consume it to metaphorically bite the dust. This is distinct from the variant suffixes -αιον (-aion) and -ιον (-ion) and should not be confused with -εῖον (-eîon).
Historically, the plant was ground into a powder and used to carry out death sentences, notably through the 'hemlock cup' or 'poisoned cup,' as detailed in German Wikipedia about its preparation and use. Poison hemlock's association with ἀκόνιτον (akóniton) arises from their frequent confusion outside their native ranges, where both plants are infamous for their lethal properties.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /kɔ̌ː.neː.on/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈko.ni.on/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈko.ni.on/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈko.ni.on/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈko.ni.on/
Noun
[edit]κώνειον • (kṓneion) n (genitive κωνείου); second declension
Inflection
[edit]Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | τὸ κώνειον tò kṓneion |
τὼ κωνείω tṑ kōneíō |
τᾰ̀ κώνειᾰ tà kṓneia | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ κωνείου toû kōneíou |
τοῖν κωνείοιν toîn kōneíoin |
τῶν κωνείων tôn kōneíōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ κωνείῳ tôi kōneíōi |
τοῖν κωνείοιν toîn kōneíoin |
τοῖς κωνείοις toîs kōneíois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸ κώνειον tò kṓneion |
τὼ κωνείω tṑ kōneíō |
τᾰ̀ κώνειᾰ tà kṓneia | ||||||||||
Vocative | κώνειον kṓneion |
κωνείω kōneíō |
κώνειᾰ kṓneia | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
[edit]- κωνειάζομαι (kōneiázomai)
Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “κώνειον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- κώνειον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 814–815, follows Furnée’s suggestions apodictically
- Furnée, Edzard Johan (1972) Die wichtigsten konsonantischen Erscheinungen des Vorgriechischen (Janua linguarum. Series practica; 150) (in German), The Hague and Paris: Mouton, page 121, also connects ἀκόνιτον (akóniton), but dismisses κόνις (kónis, “dust”) connection as unlikely in favour of Pre-Greek connections with κῶνος (kônos, “cone”) (due to its narrow leaves with pointed teeth?) and κῶνα (kôna, “resin”)
- Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ειον
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms
- Ancient Greek neuter nouns
- Ancient Greek second-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the second declension
- grc:Celery family plants