κύανος

See also: κυανός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

According to Beekes, probably from Hittite [script needed] (kuwannan-, “precious stone, copper, blue”),^[1] itself of unknown origin, possibly Sumerian 𒆬𒆪 (ku₃-an /⁠kù.an⁠/).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ký.a.nos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈky.a.nos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈcy.a.nos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈcy.a.nos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈci.a.nos/

Noun

κῠ́ᾰνος • (kŭ́ănos) m (genitive κῠᾰ́νου); second declension

dark blue enamel, especially used to adorn armour
(mineralogy) lapis lazuli
(mineralogy) azurite
blue copper carbonate
cornflower (Centaurea cyanus)
blue rock thrush (Monticola solitarius)
(feminine) blue or a shade of blue

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ κῠ́ᾰνος; τοῦ κῠᾰ́νου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κῠ́ᾰνος ho kŭ́ănos	τὼ κῠᾰ́νω tṑ kŭắnō	οἱ κῠ́ᾰνοι hoi kŭ́ănoi
Genitive	τοῦ κῠᾰ́νου toû kŭắnou	τοῖν κῠᾰ́νοιν toîn kŭắnoin	τῶν κῠᾰ́νων tôn kŭắnōn
Dative	τῷ κῠᾰ́νῳ tôi kŭắnōi	τοῖν κῠᾰ́νοιν toîn kŭắnoin	τοῖς κῠᾰ́νοις toîs kŭắnois
Accusative	τὸν κῠ́ᾰνον tòn kŭ́ănon	τὼ κῠᾰ́νω tṑ kŭắnō	τοὺς κῠᾰ́νους toùs kŭắnous
Vocative	κῠ́ᾰνε kŭ́ăne	κῠᾰ́νω kŭắnō	κῠ́ᾰνοι kŭ́ănoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

κῠᾰ́ναιγῐς (kŭắnaigĭs)
κῠᾰνᾰ́μπῠξ (kŭănắmpŭx)
κῠᾰνᾰνθής (kŭănănthḗs)
κῠᾰναυγής (kŭănaugḗs)
κῠᾰναῦλᾰξ (kŭănaûlăx)
κῠᾰνέμβολος (kŭănémbolos)
κῠᾰ́νεος (kŭắneos)
κῠᾰνέω (kŭănéō)
κῠᾰνῐ́ζω (kŭănĭ́zō)
κῠᾰνῖτῐς (kŭănîtĭs)
κῠᾰνοβενθής (kŭănobenthḗs)
κῠᾰνοβλέφᾰρος (kŭănobléphăros)
κῠᾰνοειδής (kŭănoeidḗs)
κῠᾰνοκρήδεμνος (kŭănokrḗdemnos)
κῠᾰνόπεζᾰ (kŭănópeză)
κῠᾰνόπεπλος (kŭănópeplos)
κῠᾰνοπλόκᾰμος (kŭănoplókămos)
κῠᾰνόπλοκος (kŭănóplokos)
κῠᾰνόπρῳρος (kŭănóprōiros)
κῠᾰνόπτερος (kŭănópteros)
κῠᾰνοπτέρῠξ (kŭănoptérŭx)
κῠᾰνόστολος (kŭănóstolos)
κῠᾰ́νοφρῠς (kŭắnophrŭs)
κῠᾰνοχαίτης (kŭănokhaítēs)
κῠᾰνόχροος (kŭănókhroos)
κῠᾰνώπης (kŭănṓpēs)
κῠᾰνωπός (kŭănōpós)
κῠᾰ́νωσῐς (kŭắnōsĭs)

Descendants

Greek: κυανός (kyanós)
→ Dutch: cyaan
→ English: cyan, cyano-
→ French: cyan
→ German: Zyan
→ Italian: ciano
→ Latin: cȳanos, cȳanus
- Spanish: aciano
→ Ottoman Turkish: كیانوس (kiyānus)
> Turkish: kiyanus (inherited)
→ Swedish: cyan

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κύανος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 793

“κύανος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“κύανος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“κύανος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
κύανος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
κύανος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
“κύανος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
“κύανος”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

[1] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κύανος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 793

[1]