κοῖλος

See also: κοίλος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• κοίϊλος (koíïlos) — Aeolic, Ionic
• κόϊλος (kóïlos), κώϊλος (kṓïlos) — Aeolic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱowilos, from *ḱewH- (“hollow”) (which may be identical to *ḱewh₁- (“to swell”)). Cognates include Latin cavus (“cave”), Middle Irish cúa (“hollow”), Old English hol (English hole, hollow), Albanian thellë (“deep”), and Sanskrit शून्य (śūnyá, “zero, empty”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kôi̯.los/ → /ˈcy.los/ → /ˈci.los/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kôi̯.los/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈky.los/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈcy.los/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈcy.los/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈci.los/

Adjective

κοῖλος • (koîlos) m (feminine κοίλη, neuter κοῖλον); first/second declension

1. hollow, mostly as an epithet of ships
   1. (κοίλη ναῦς) the hollow or hold of a ship
   2. roomy
   3. empty
2. (of places) lying in a hollow, or forming a hollow
   1. lying between cliffs
3. sea swell
4. plate
5. (figuratively, of the voice) hollow
6. (neuter substantive) a hollow, cavity
   1. (in the plural) flanks
7. concave

   Antonym: κυρτός (kurtós)

Inflection

First and second declension of κοῖλος; κοίλη; κοῖλον (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		κοῖλος koîlos	κοίλη koílē	κοῖλον koîlon		κοίλω koílō	κοίλᾱ koílā	κοίλω koílō		κοῖλοι koîloi	κοῖλαι koîlai	κοῖλᾰ koîlă
Genitive		κοίλου koílou	κοίλης koílēs	κοίλου koílou		κοίλοιν koíloin	κοίλαιν koílain	κοίλοιν koíloin		κοίλων koílōn	κοίλων koílōn	κοίλων koílōn
Dative		κοίλῳ koílōi	κοίλῃ koílēi	κοίλῳ koílōi		κοίλοιν koíloin	κοίλαιν koílain	κοίλοιν koíloin		κοίλοις koílois	κοίλαις koílais	κοίλοις koílois
Accusative		κοῖλον koîlon	κοίλην koílēn	κοῖλον koîlon		κοίλω koílō	κοίλᾱ koílā	κοίλω koílō		κοίλους koílous	κοίλᾱς koílās	κοῖλᾰ koîlă
Vocative		κοῖλε koîle	κοίλη koílē	κοῖλον koîlon		κοίλω koílō	κοίλᾱ koílā	κοίλω koílō		κοῖλοι koîloi	κοῖλαι koîlai	κοῖλᾰ koîlă
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		κοίλως koílōs				κοιλότερος koilóteros				κοιλότᾰτος koilótătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First and second declension of κοῖλος; κοίλη; κοῖλον (Epic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		κοῖλος koîlos	κοίλη koílē	κοῖλον koîlon		κοίλω koílō	κοίλᾱ koílā	κοίλω koílō		κοῖλοι koîloi	κοῖλαι koîlai	κοῖλᾰ koîlă
Genitive		κοίλου / κοιλοῖο / κοίλοιο / κοιλόο / κοίλοο koílou / koiloîo / koíloio / koilóo / koíloo	κοίλης koílēs	κοίλου / κοιλοῖο / κοίλοιο / κοιλόο / κοίλοο koílou / koiloîo / koíloio / koilóo / koíloo		κοίλοιῐν koíloiĭn	κοίλαιν / κοίλαιῐν / κοίλῃῐν koílai(ĭ)n / koílēiĭn	κοίλοιῐν koíloiĭn		κοίλων koílōn	κοιλᾱ́ων / κοιλέ͜ων / κοιλῶν koilā́ōn / koilé͜ōn / koilôn	κοίλων koílōn
Dative		κοίλῳ koílōi	κοίλῃ koílēi	κοίλῳ koílōi		κοίλοιῐν koíloiĭn	κοίλαιν / κοίλαιῐν / κοίλῃῐν koílai(ĭ)n / koílēiĭn	κοίλοιῐν koíloiĭn		κοίλοισῐ / κοίλοισῐν / κοίλοις koíloisĭ(n) / koílois	κοίλῃσῐ / κοίλῃσῐν / κοίλῃς / κοίλαις koílēisĭ(n) / koílēis / koílais	κοίλοισῐ / κοίλοισῐν / κοίλοις koíloisĭ(n) / koílois
Accusative		κοῖλον koîlon	κοίλην koílēn	κοῖλον koîlon		κοίλω koílō	κοίλᾱ koílā	κοίλω koílō		κοίλους koílous	κοίλᾱς koílās	κοῖλᾰ koîlă
Vocative		κοῖλε koîle	κοίλη koílē	κοῖλον koîlon		κοίλω koílō	κοίλᾱ koílā	κοίλω koílō		κοῖλοι koîloi	κοῖλαι koîlai	κοῖλᾰ koîlă
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		κοίλως koílōs				κοιλότερος koilóteros				κοιλότᾰτος koilótătos
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Descendants

• Translingual: Coelodiazesis
• → English: coelo-

Further reading

• “κοῖλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “κοῖλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “κοῖλος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• κοῖλος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• κοῖλος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “κοῖλος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • cavernous idem, page 119.
  • concave idem, page 154.
  • excavated idem, page 287.
  • hollow idem, page 403.
  • tubular idem, page 900.
• “κοῖλος”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011