κιννάβαρι

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• κιννάβαρις (kinnábaris)
• τιγγάβαρι (tingábari), τυγγάβαρι (tungábari), τιγγάβαρυ (tingábaru), τιαγγάβαρι (tiangábari) — Attic

Etymology

Probably an eastern loanword according to Beekes. Compare Arabic زِنْجَفْر (zinjafr), related to Persian شنگرف (šangarf) from Old Persian 𐎿𐎡𐎣𐎲𐎽𐎢𐏁 (s-i-k-b-ru-u-š /⁠siⁿkabruš⁠/, “carnelian”), of unknown origin.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kin.ná.ba.ri/ → /cinˈna.βa.ri/ → /ciˈna.va.ri/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kin.ná.ba.ri/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kinˈna.ba.ri/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /cinˈna.βa.ri/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /cinˈna.va.ri/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ciˈna.va.ri/

Noun

κιννάβᾰρῐ • (kinnábărĭ) n (genitive κιννᾰβάρεως); third declension

1. cinnabar, bisulphuret of mercury

   Synonym: ψάδδα (psádda)

2. vermilion

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ κιννᾰ́βᾰρῐ; τοῦ κιννᾰβᾰ́ρεως (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ κιννᾰ́βᾰρῐ tò kinnắbărĭ	τὼ κιννᾰβᾰ́ρει tṑ kinnăbắrei	τᾰ̀ κιννᾰβᾰ́ρη / κιννᾰβᾰ́ρεᾰ tằ kinnăbắrē / kinnăbắreă
Genitive	τοῦ κιννᾰβᾰ́ρεως toû kinnăbắreōs	τοῖν κιννᾰβᾰρέοιν toîn kinnăbăréoin	τῶν κιννᾰβᾰ́ρεων tôn kinnăbắreōn
Dative	τῷ κιννᾰβᾰ́ρει tôi kinnăbắrei	τοῖν κιννᾰβᾰρέοιν toîn kinnăbăréoin	τοῖς κιννᾰβᾰ́ρεσῐ / κιννᾰβᾰ́ρεσῐν toîs kinnăbắresĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸ κιννᾰ́βᾰρῐ tò kinnắbărĭ	τὼ κιννᾰβᾰ́ρει tṑ kinnăbắrei	τᾰ̀ κιννᾰβᾰ́ρη / κιννᾰβᾰ́ρεᾰ tằ kinnăbắrē / kinnăbắreă
Vocative	κιννᾰ́βᾰρῐ kinnắbărĭ	κιννᾰβᾰ́ρει kinnăbắrei	κιννᾰβᾰ́ρη / κιννᾰβᾰ́ρεᾰ kinnăbắrē / kinnăbắreă
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κινναβαρίζω (kinnabarízō)
• κινναβάρινος (kinnabárinos)
• κινναβάριον (kinnabárion)

Descendants

• → Latin: cinnabari, cinnabaris (see there for further descendants)
• → Classical Syriac: ܩܝܢܒܪܝܣ, ܩܢܒܪܝܣ, ܩܝܡܒܪܝܣ

Further reading

• “κιννάβαρι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• κιννάβαρι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
• Greppin, John A. C. (1992) “ON ARABIC QUNĀBARÀ AND GREEK ΚΙΝΝΑΒΑΡΙ(Σ)”, in Byzantion‎^[1], volume 62, pages 254–263