καστόριον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

κάστωρ (kástōr) +‎ -ιον (-ion)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kas.tó.ri.on/ → /kasˈto.ri.on/ → /kasˈto.ri.on/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kas.tó.ri.on/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kasˈto.ri.on/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /kasˈto.ri.on/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /kasˈto.ri.on/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /kasˈto.ri.on/

Noun

κᾰστόρῐον • (kastórion) n (genitive κᾰστορῐ́ου); second declension

1. castoreum
2. beaver
   • 2nd–4th centuries AD, Physiologus 26.1:

     Ἔστι ζῶον, λεγόμενον καστόριον, ἤπιον πάνυ καὶ ἡσύχιον.

     Ésti zôon, legómenon kastórion, ḗpion pánu kaì hēsúkhion.

     • Translation by Gohar Muradyan

       There is an animal called castor; the animal is quite and very gentle.

3. the fur of the beaver

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ κᾰστόρῐον; τοῦ κᾰστορῐ́ου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ κᾰστόρῐον tò kastórion	τὼ κᾰστορῐ́ω tṑ kastoríō	τᾰ̀ κᾰστόρῐᾰ tà kastória
Genitive	τοῦ κᾰστορῐ́ου toû kastoríou	τοῖν κᾰστορῐ́οιν toîn kastoríoin	τῶν κᾰστορῐ́ων tôn kastoríōn
Dative	τῷ κᾰστορῐ́ῳ tôi kastoríōi	τοῖν κᾰστορῐ́οιν toîn kastoríoin	τοῖς κᾰστορῐ́οις toîs kastoríois
Accusative	τὸ κᾰστόρῐον tò kastórion	τὼ κᾰστορῐ́ω tṑ kastoríō	τᾰ̀ κᾰστόρῐᾰ tà kastória
Vocative	κᾰστόρῐον kastórion	κᾰστορῐ́ω kastoríō	κᾰστόρῐᾰ kastória
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• Greek: καστόρι (kastóri)
• → Classical Syriac: ܩܣܛܘܪܝܘܢ (qasṭōryōn)
• → Latin: castoreum
• → Old Armenian: կասդորիոս (kasdorios)

Further reading

• καστόριον in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
• “καστόριον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• καστόριον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette