καρωτίδες

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From κᾰρόω (kăróō, “to plunge into deep sleep or torpor”) +‎ -τῐ́δες (-tĭ́des, plural nominal suffix), from the fact that the carotid artery supplies blood to the brain, and interruption of this flow causes loss of consciousness.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ka.rɔː.tí.des/ → /ka.roˈti.ðes/ → /ka.roˈti.ðes/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ka.rɔː.tí.des/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ka.roˈti.des/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ka.roˈti.ðes/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ka.roˈti.ðes/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ka.roˈti.ðes/

Noun

κᾰρωτῐ́δες • (kărōtĭ́des) f pl (genitive κᾰρωτῐ́δων); third declension

1. (anatomy) carotid arteries

Inflection

Third declension of αἱ κᾰρωτῐ́δες; τῶν κᾰρωτῐ́δων (Attic)

Case / #	Plural
Nominative	αἱ κᾰρωτῐ́δες hai kărōtĭ́des
Genitive	τῶν κᾰρωτῐ́δων tôn kărōtĭ́dōn
Dative	ταῖς κᾰρωτῐ́σῐ / κᾰρωτῐ́σῐν taîs kărōtĭ́sĭ(n)
Accusative	τᾱ̀ς κᾰρωτῐ́δᾰς tā̀s kărōtĭ́dăs
Vocative	κᾰρωτῐ́δες kărōtĭ́des
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ds.

Descendants

• → New Latin: carōtides
  • → English: carotid
  • → French: carotide

References

• “καρωτίδες”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press