κακοήθης

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From κακο- (kako-, “bad”) +‎ ἦθος (êthos, “character”) +‎ -ης (-ēs, adjective suffix).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ka.ko.ɛ̌ː.tʰɛːs/ → /ka.koˈi.θis/ → /ka.koˈi.θis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ka.ko.ɛ̌ː.tʰɛːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ka.koˈe̝.tʰe̝s/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ka.koˈi.θis/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ka.koˈi.θis/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ka.koˈi.θis/

Adjective

κᾰκοήθης • (kăkoḗthēs) m or f (neuter κακόηθες); third declension

1. (of humans and animals) ill-disposed, malicious
2. (of humans) thinking evil; given to the worst disposition for a situation
3. (of things) infamous, abominable
4. (medicine, of sores, fevers, diseases) malignant
5. (neuter, substantive, κᾰκόηθες) a bad habit

Declension

Third declension of κᾰκοήθης; κᾰκόηθες (contracted, Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		κᾰκοήθης kăkoḗthēs	κᾰκόηθες kăkóēthes		κᾰκοήθει kăkoḗthei	κᾰκοήθει kăkoḗthei		κᾰκοήθεις kăkoḗtheis	κᾰκοήθη kăkoḗthē
Genitive		κᾰκοήθους kăkoḗthous	κᾰκοήθους kăkoḗthous		κᾰκοήθοιν kăkoḗthoin	κᾰκοήθοιν kăkoḗthoin		κᾰκοήθων kăkoḗthōn	κᾰκοήθων kăkoḗthōn
Dative		κᾰκοήθει kăkoḗthei	κᾰκοήθει kăkoḗthei		κᾰκοήθοιν kăkoḗthoin	κᾰκοήθοιν kăkoḗthoin		κᾰκοήθεσῐ / κᾰκοήθεσῐν kăkoḗthesĭ(n)	κᾰκοήθεσῐ / κᾰκοήθεσῐν kăkoḗthesĭ(n)
Accusative		κᾰκοήθη kăkoḗthē	κᾰκόηθες kăkóēthes		κᾰκοήθει kăkoḗthei	κᾰκοήθει kăkoḗthei		κᾰκοήθεις kăkoḗtheis	κᾰκοήθη kăkoḗthē
Vocative		κᾰκόηθες kăkóēthes	κᾰκόηθες kăkóēthes		κᾰκοήθει kăkoḗthei	κᾰκοήθει kăkoḗthei		κᾰκοήθεις kăkoḗtheis	κᾰκοήθη kăkoḗthē
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		κᾰκοήθως kăkoḗthōs			κᾰκοηθέστερος kăkoēthésteros			κᾰκοηθέστᾰτος kăkoēthéstătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of κᾰκοήθης; κᾰκόηθες (uncontracted, Ionic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		κᾰκοήθης kăkoḗthēs	κᾰκόηθες kăkóēthes		κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεε kăkoḗthei / kăkoḗthee	κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεε kăkoḗthei / kăkoḗthee		κᾰκοήθεις / κᾰκοήθεες kăkoḗtheis / kăkoḗthees	κᾰκοήθεᾰ kăkoḗtheă
Genitive		κᾰκοήθεος / κᾰκοήθευς kăkoḗtheos / kăkoḗtheus	κᾰκοήθεος / κᾰκοήθευς kăkoḗtheos / kăkoḗtheus		κᾰκοηθέοιν kăkoēthéoin	κᾰκοηθέοιν kăkoēthéoin		κᾰκοηθέων kăkoēthéōn	κᾰκοηθέων kăkoēthéōn
Dative		κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεῐ̈ kăkoḗthei / kăkoḗtheĭ̈	κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεῐ̈ kăkoḗthei / kăkoḗtheĭ̈		κᾰκοηθέοιν kăkoēthéoin	κᾰκοηθέοιν kăkoēthéoin		κᾰκοήθεσῐ / κᾰκοήθεσῐν kăkoḗthesĭ(n)	κᾰκοήθεσῐ / κᾰκοήθεσῐν kăkoḗthesĭ(n)
Accusative		κᾰκοήθεᾰ kăkoḗtheă	κᾰκόηθες kăkóēthes		κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεε kăkoḗthei / kăkoḗthee	κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεε kăkoḗthei / kăkoḗthee		κᾰκοήθεᾰς kăkoḗtheăs	κᾰκοήθεᾰ kăkoḗtheă
Vocative		κᾰκόηθες kăkóēthes	κᾰκόηθες kăkóēthes		κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεε kăkoḗthei / kăkoḗthee	κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεε kăkoḗthei / kăkoḗthee		κᾰκοήθεις / κᾰκοήθεες kăkoḗtheis / kăkoḗthees	κᾰκοήθεᾰ kăkoḗtheă
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		κᾰκοηθέως kăkoēthéōs			κᾰκοηθέστερος kăkoēthésteros			κᾰκοηθέστᾰτος kăkoēthéstătos
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Antonyms

• εὐήθης (euḗthēs)

Derived terms

• κᾰκοήθεια (kăkoḗtheia)
• κᾰκοήθευμα (kăkoḗtheuma)
• κᾰκοηθεύομαι (kăkoētheúomai)
• κᾰκοηθίζομαι (kăkoēthízomai)
• κᾰκοηθίη (kăkoēthíē)
• κακοηθιστέον (kakoēthistéon)
• κᾰκοηθιστέον (kăkoēthistéon)

References

• “κακοήθης”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “κακοήθης”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• κακοήθης in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • ill-natured idem, page 416.
  • ill-tempered idem, page 416.
  • malevolent idem, page 510.
  • malicious idem, page 510.
  • mischievous idem, page 533.
  • spiteful idem, page 802.