θυρεός

Ancient Greek

FWOTD – 26 December 2015

Etymology

From θῠ́ρᾱ (thúrā).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /tʰy.re.ós/ → /θy.reˈos/ → /θi.reˈos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tʰy.re.ós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /tʰy.reˈos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /θy.reˈos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /θy.reˈos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /θi.reˈos/

Noun

θῠρεός • (thureós) m (genitive θῠρεοῦ); second declension

1. a stone put against a door to keep it shut, a door-stone
2. a wide oblong shield (like a door), opp. to ἀσπίς (aspís, “the round shield”) (as Lat. scūtum to clipeus)
3. disk forming part of καθετήρ (kathetḗr)
4. (mathematics) oval

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ θῠρεός; τοῦ θῠρεοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ θῠρεός ho thureós	τὼ θῠρεώ tṑ thureṓ	οἱ θῠρεοί hoi thureoí
Genitive	τοῦ θῠρεοῦ toû thureoû	τοῖν θῠρεοῖν toîn thureoîn	τῶν θῠρεῶν tôn thureôn
Dative	τῷ θῠρεῷ tôi thureôi	τοῖν θῠρεοῖν toîn thureoîn	τοῖς θῠρεοῖς toîs thureoîs
Accusative	τὸν θῠρεόν tòn thureón	τὼ θῠρεώ tṑ thureṓ	τοὺς θῠρεούς toùs thureoús
Vocative	θῠρεέ thureé	θῠρεώ thureṓ	θῠρεοί thureoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Aramaic: תָָּרִיס (torīs), תְּרִיס (tərīs), תְּרִיסָא (tərīsā, “shield”)
• → Coptic: ⲑⲩⲣⲱⲛ (thurōn)
• → French: thyroïde
  • → English: thyroid
• Greek: θυρεός (thyreós, “coat of arms”)
• → Hebrew: תְּרִיס (tris, “shutter”)
• → Arabic: تُرْس (turs, “shield”)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: ترس (türs, “shield”)
  • → Persian: ترس (tors, “shield”)

References

• “θυρεός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “θυρεός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “θυρεός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• θυρεός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• θυρεός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• G2375 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• “θυρεός”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

Greek

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /θi.ɾeˈos/

Noun

θυρεός • (thyreós) m (plural θυρεοί)

1. (heraldry) coat of arms, escutcheon

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	θυρεός (thyreós)	θυρεοί (thyreoí)
genitive	θυρεού (thyreoú)	θυρεών (thyreón)
accusative	θυρεό (thyreó)	θυρεούς (thyreoús)
vocative	θυρεέ (thyreé)	θυρεοί (thyreoí)

Further reading

• Θυρεός της Αυστρίας on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^el (for example)
• θυρεός, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language