θρόνος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer- (“to hold”), but this root presents a number of problems, such as the lack of the suffix *-onos in Proto-Indo-European, the lack of any words meaning "chair" from this root in any other Indo-European languages, and the lack of any definite Greek descendants from the root itself. Comparisons to θρᾶνος (thrânos, “bench”) and θρῆνυς (thrênus, “footstool”) are also improbable, due to lack of evidence of their supposed shared root *dʰerh₂-. Due to the suffix -όνος usually being indicative of a Pre-Greek word (as in χρόνος (khrónos), Κρόνος (Krónos)), Beekes suggests that this could be the case for θρόνος (thrónos) as well.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /tʰró.nos/ → /ˈθro.nos/ → /ˈθro.nos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tʰró.nos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈtʰro.nos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈθro.nos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈθro.nos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈθro.nos/

Noun

θρόνος • (thrónos) m (genitive θρόνου); second declension (Epic, Attic, Ionic, Aeolic, Koine)

1. seat
2. throne
   • 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Theocritus, Thalysia :

     τά που καὶ Ζηνὸς ἐπὶ θρόνον ἄγαγε φάμα

     tá pou kaì Zēnòs epì thrónon ágage pháma

     ...which Rumour may well have carried up to the throne of Zeus.

Declension

Second declension of ὁ θρόνος; τοῦ θρόνου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ θρόνος ho thrónos	τὼ θρόνω tṑ thrónō	οἱ θρόνοι hoi thrónoi
Genitive	τοῦ θρόνου toû thrónou	τοῖν θρόνοιν toîn thrónoin	τῶν θρόνων tôn thrónōn
Dative	τῷ θρόνῳ tôi thrónōi	τοῖν θρόνοιν toîn thrónoin	τοῖς θρόνοις toîs thrónois
Accusative	τὸν θρόνον tòn thrónon	τὼ θρόνω tṑ thrónō	τοὺς θρόνους toùs thrónous
Vocative	θρόνε thróne	θρόνω thrónō	θρόνοι thrónoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἀργυρόθρονος (arguróthronos)
• εὔθρονος (eúthronos)
• ποικιλόθρονος (poikilóthronos)
• χρυσόθρονος (khrusóthronos)

 

Descendants

• Greek: θρόνος (thrónos)
• → Aramaic: תְּרוֹנוֹס (ṭronos)
• → Coptic: ⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ (thronos)
• → Latin: thronus (see there for further descendants)
• → Russian: трон m (tron)

Further reading

• “θρόνος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “θρόνος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “θρόνος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• θρόνος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• θρόνος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “θρόνος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G2362 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • chair idem, page 122.
  • dais idem, page 193.
  • rule idem, page 725.
  • sceptre idem, page 738.
  • seat idem, page 746.
  • throne idem, page 870.
• The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd ed., Clarendon Press, 1989
• “θρόνος”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek θρόνος (thrónos).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈθronos/
• Hyphenation: θρό‧νος

Noun

θρόνος • (thrónos) m (plural θρόνοι)

1. throne

   Synonym: (literature) θρονί n (throní, “throne or any seat”)

   Coordinate term: καρέκλα f (karékla, “chair”)

   αυτοκρατορικός, πατριαρχικός, παπικός θρόνος ― aftokratorikós, patriarchikós, papikós thrónos ― imperial, patriarchic, papal throne

2. monarchy, the royal office

   ο θρόνος της Αγγλίας ― o thrónos tis Anglías ― English monarchy (literally:throne).

   σφετεριστής του θρόνου ― sfeteristís tou thrónou ― usurperer of the throne

   ανάρρηση στο θρόνο ― anárrisi sto thróno ― the proclamation to the throne

   χηρεύει ο θρόνος ― chirévei o thrónos ― the throne is vacant (literally: widowed)

Declension

Declension of θρόνος

	singular	plural
nominative	θρόνος (thrónos)	θρόνοι (thrónoi)
genitive	θρόνου (thrónou)	θρόνων (thrónon)
accusative	θρόνο (thróno)	θρόνους (thrónous)
vocative	θρόνε (thróne)	θρόνοι (thrónoi)

Related terms

• εκθρονίζω (ekthronízo, “dethrone”)
• εκθρόνιση f (ekthrónisi, “dethronement”)
• εκθρονισμός m (ekthronismós, “dethronement”)
• ενθρονίζω (enthronízo, “enthrone”)
• ενθρόνιση f (enthrónisi, “enthronement”)
• ενθρονισμός m (enthronismós, “enthronement”)
• θρονί n (throní, “throne or any seat”) (literature)
• θρονιάζω (throniázo, “sit and not intending to give up the seat”) (negative sense)
• θρόνιασμα n (thróniasma, “the without giving up my seat”) (negative sense)
• πρωτόθρονος (protóthronos, “the leading episcopal throne”) (ecclesiastic)
• σύνθρονο n (sýnthrono, “series of seats in church, especially for priests”) (ecclesiastic)

See also

• πολυθρόνα f (polythróna, “armchair”) (associated by folk etymology)