θοός

Ancient Greek

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /tʰo.ós/ → /θoˈos/ → /θoˈos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tʰo.ós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /tʰoˈos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /θoˈos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /θoˈos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /θoˈos/

Etymology 1

From θέω (théō, “to run, fly”) +‎ -ός (-ós).

Adjective

θοός • (thoós) m (feminine θοή, neuter θοόν); first/second declension

1. quick, swift

Declension

First and second declension of θοός; θοή; θοόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		θοός thoós	θοή thoḗ	θοόν thoón		θοώ thoṓ	θοᾱ́ thoā́	θοώ thoṓ		θοοί thooí	θοαί thoaí	θοᾰ́ thoá
Genitive		θοοῦ thooû	θοῆς thoês	θοοῦ thooû		θοοῖν thooîn	θοαῖν thoaîn	θοοῖν thooîn		θοῶν thoôn	θοῶν thoôn	θοῶν thoôn
Dative		θοῷ thoôi	θοῇ thoêi	θοῷ thoôi		θοοῖν thooîn	θοαῖν thoaîn	θοοῖν thooîn		θοοῖς thooîs	θοαῖς thoaîs	θοοῖς thooîs
Accusative		θοόν thoón	θοήν thoḗn	θοόν thoón		θοώ thoṓ	θοᾱ́ thoā́	θοώ thoṓ		θοούς thooús	θοᾱ́ς thoā́s	θοᾰ́ thoá
Vocative		θοέ thoé	θοή thoḗ	θοόν thoón		θοώ thoṓ	θοᾱ́ thoā́	θοώ thoṓ		θοοί thooí	θοαί thoaí	θοᾰ́ thoá
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		θοῶς thoôs				θοώτερος thoṓteros				θοώτᾰτος thoṓtatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First and second declension of θοός; θοή; θοόν (Epic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		θοός thoós	θοή thoḗ	θοόν thoón		θοώ thoṓ	θοᾱ́ thoā́	θοώ thoṓ		θοοί thooí	θοαί thoaí	θοᾰ́ thoá
Genitive		θοοῦ / θοοῖο / θοόο thooû / thooîo / thoóo	θοῆς thoês	θοοῦ / θοοῖο / θοόο thooû / thooîo / thoóo		θοοῖῐν thooîin	θοαῖν / θοαῖῐν / θοῇῐν thoaî(i)n / thoêiin	θοοῖῐν thooîin		θοῶν thoôn	θοᾱ́ων / θοέ͜ων / θοῶν thoā́ōn / thoé͜ōn / thoôn	θοῶν thoôn
Dative		θοῷ thoôi	θοῇ thoêi	θοῷ thoôi		θοοῖῐν thooîin	θοαῖν / θοαῖῐν / θοῇῐν thoaî(i)n / thoêiin	θοοῖῐν thooîin		θοοῖσῐ / θοοῖσῐν / θοοῖς thooîsi(n) / thooîs	θοῇσῐ / θοῇσῐν / θοῇς / θοαῖς thoêisi(n) / thoêis / thoaîs	θοοῖσῐ / θοοῖσῐν / θοοῖς thooîsi(n) / thooîs
Accusative		θοόν thoón	θοήν thoḗn	θοόν thoón		θοώ thoṓ	θοᾱ́ thoā́	θοώ thoṓ		θοούς thooús	θοᾱ́ς thoā́s	θοᾰ́ thoá
Vocative		θοέ thoé	θοή thoḗ	θοόν thoón		θοώ thoṓ	θοᾱ́ thoā́	θοώ thoṓ		θοοί thooí	θοαί thoaí	θοᾰ́ thoá
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		θοῶς thoôs				θοώτερος thoṓteros				θοώτᾰτος thoṓtatos
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• Ἀλκάθοος (Alkáthoos)
• Ἀμφιθόη (Amphithóē)
• ἀρηίθοος (arēíthoos)
• Ἀρηίθοος (Arēíthoos)
• βοηθόος (boēthóos)
• Θόη (Thóē)
• Ἱπποθόη (Hippothóē)
• Ἱππόθοος (Hippóthoos)
• κυμοθόη (kumothóē)
• Λαοθόη (Laothóē)
• Ναυσίθοος (Nausíthoos)
• Πάνθοος (Pánthoos)
• Πειρίθοος (Peiríthoos)
• πολύφθοος (polúphthoos)
• Πρόθοος (Próthoos)
• ὠκύθοος (ōkúthoos)

 

Etymology 2

Of unclear origin. Probably not related to Sanskrit धारा (dhā́rā, “cutting edge, blade (of a sword)”). Perhaps related to Etymology 1, with sense development "swift" > "swiftly cutting" > "sharp"; for a semantic parallel, note the English synonyms quickwitted and sharpwitted.

Adjective

θοός • (thoós) m (feminine θοή, neuter θοόν); first/second declension

1. sharp, pointed

Declension

First and second declension of θοός; θοή; θοόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		θοός thoós	θοή thoḗ	θοόν thoón		θοώ thoṓ	θοᾱ́ thoā́	θοώ thoṓ		θοοί thooí	θοαί thoaí	θοᾰ́ thoá
Genitive		θοοῦ thooû	θοῆς thoês	θοοῦ thooû		θοοῖν thooîn	θοαῖν thoaîn	θοοῖν thooîn		θοῶν thoôn	θοῶν thoôn	θοῶν thoôn
Dative		θοῷ thoôi	θοῇ thoêi	θοῷ thoôi		θοοῖν thooîn	θοαῖν thoaîn	θοοῖν thooîn		θοοῖς thooîs	θοαῖς thoaîs	θοοῖς thooîs
Accusative		θοόν thoón	θοήν thoḗn	θοόν thoón		θοώ thoṓ	θοᾱ́ thoā́	θοώ thoṓ		θοούς thooús	θοᾱ́ς thoā́s	θοᾰ́ thoá
Vocative		θοέ thoé	θοή thoḗ	θοόν thoón		θοώ thoṓ	θοᾱ́ thoā́	θοώ thoṓ		θοοί thooí	θοαί thoaí	θοᾰ́ thoá
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		θοῶς thoôs				θοώτερος thoṓteros				θοώτᾰτος thoṓtatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• θοόω (thoóō)

Further reading

• “θοός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press