εἶλαρ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Often considered to be an action noun *ϝέλ-ϝαρ (*wél-war). Perhaps from εἰλέω (eiléō, “to press together”), but this does not fit very well and neither is related to εἰλέω (eiléō, “to roll, wind”). Beekes, instead, suggests a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to cover, protect”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /êː.lar/ → /ˈi.lar/ → /ˈi.lar/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /êː.lar/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈi.lar/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈi.lar/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈi.lar/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈi.lar/

Noun

εἶλᾰρ • (eîlar) n (genitive εἴλᾰρος); third declension

1. parapet, protective wall
2. covering, shelter, defence

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ εἶλᾰρ; τοῦ εἴλᾰρος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ εἶλᾰρ tò eîlar	τὼ εἴλᾰρε tṑ eílare	τᾰ̀ εἴλᾰρᾰ tà eílara
Genitive	τοῦ εἴλᾰρος toû eílaros	τοῖν εἰλᾰ́ροιν toîn eilároin	τῶν εἰλᾰ́ρων tôn eilárōn
Dative	τῷ εἴλᾰρῐ tôi eílari	τοῖν εἰλᾰ́ροιν toîn eilároin	τοῖς εἴλᾰρσῐ / εἴλᾰρσῐν toîs eílarsi(n)
Accusative	τὸ εἶλᾰρ tò eîlar	τὼ εἴλᾰρε tṑ eílare	τᾰ̀ εἴλᾰρᾰ tà eílara
Vocative	εἶλᾰρ eîlar	εἴλᾰρε eílare	εἴλᾰρᾰ eílara
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “εἶλαρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “εἶλαρ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• εἶλαρ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• εἶλαρ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• εἶλαρ in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN