βέκος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Phrygian βεκος (bekos), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g- (“to bake”). Cognate with φώγω (phṓgō, “roast”), Old English bacan (“to bake”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /bé.kos/ → /ˈβe.kos/ → /ˈve.kos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /bé.kos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈbe.kos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈβe.kos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈve.kos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈve.kos/

Noun

βέκος • (békos) n (genitive βέκους or βέκεος); third declension

1. bread
   • 117 CE – 181 CE, Aelius Aristides, Orations 2.3:

     ἐν δὲ τοῖς ἔθνεσι Φρύγες διὰ τὴν παρὰ τοῦ βέκους, οἶμαι, μαρτυρίαν.

     en dè toîs éthnesi Phrúges dià tḕn parà toû békous, oîmai, marturían.

     and among peoples the Phrygians, on account, I suppose, of their (word for) bread.

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ βέκος; τοῦ βέκους (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ βέκος tò békos	τὼ βέκει tṑ békei	τᾰ̀ βέκη tà békē
Genitive	τοῦ βέκους toû békous	τοῖν βεκοῖν toîn bekoîn	τῶν βεκῶν tôn bekôn
Dative	τῷ βέκει tôi békei	τοῖν βεκοῖν toîn bekoîn	τοῖς βέκεσῐ / βέκεσῐν toîs békesi(n)
Accusative	τὸ βέκος tò békos	τὼ βέκει tṑ békei	τᾰ̀ βέκη tà békē
Vocative	βέκος békos	βέκει békei	βέκη békē
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of τὸ βέκος; τοῦ βέκεος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ βέκος tò békos	τὼ βέκεε tṑ békee	τᾰ̀ βέκεᾰ tà békea
Genitive	τοῦ βέκεος toû békeos	τοῖν βεκέοιν toîn bekéoin	τῶν βεκέων tôn bekéōn
Dative	τῷ βέκεῐ̈ tôi békeï	τοῖν βεκέοιν toîn bekéoin	τοῖς βέκεσῐ / βέκεσῐν toîs békesi(n)
Accusative	τὸ βέκος tò békos	τὼ βέκεε tṑ békee	τᾰ̀ βέκεᾰ tà békea
Vocative	βέκος békos	βέκεε békee	βέκεᾰ békea
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “βέκος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• βέκος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• βέκος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN