ísel

See also: isel

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *ɸīsselos, from *ɸīssu (“under”), from Proto-Indo-European *pedsú, locative plural of *pṓds (“foot”). Cognate with Welsh isel.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈiːsʲel/

Adjective

ísel (comparative ísliu, superlative íslem)

1. low
2. lowly
   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 25^c5

     Foillsigthir as n‑ísel in doínacht íar n‑aicniud húare as in deacht foda·raithmine⟨dar⟩ ⁊ noda·fortachtaigedar.

     It is made clear that the humanity is lowly according to nature because it is the Godhead that remembers it and helps it

Inflection

o/ā-stem
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	ísel	ísel	ísel
Vocative	ísil* ísel**
Accusative	ísel	ísil
Genitive	ísil	ísle	ísil
Dative	ísiul	ísil	ísiul
Plural	Masculine	Feminine/neuter
Nominative	ísil	íslea
Vocative	ísliu íslea†
Accusative	ísliu íslea†
Genitive	ísel
Dative	íslib
Notes	*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized

Derived terms

• ísle

Related terms

• ís

Descendants

• Irish: íseal
• Manx: injil
• Scottish Gaelic: ìosal, ìseal

Mutation

Mutation of ísel

radical	lenition	nasalization
ísel (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	unchanged	n-ísel

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.