Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/topiti

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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tapīˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *top-éye-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *tep- (hot, warm). Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit तापयति (tāpáyati, to heat, to torment), Avestan 𐬙𐬁𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (tāpaiieiti, to heat).

Verb

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*topìti impf[1][2][3]

  1. to heat up
  2. to melt, to thaw
Inflection
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Descendants
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  • Non-Slavic:
    • Romanian: topi (to melt)

References

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  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*topìti I”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 496
  2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “topiti: topjǫ topitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander:c smelte; drukne (SA 260; PR 140)
  3. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “topiti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si:Pslovan. *topi̋ti ‛s segrevanjem raztapljati’
Further reading
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  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “тёплый”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 236
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “топи́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

Etymology 2

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Unclear. Vasmer suggests a possible connection with Old Armenian թաթաւեմ (tʻatʻawem, to soak (e.g. clothes in blood)), but notes that it's quite conjectural. Trubachev notes that Zubaty and Stang suggest a connection with Lithuanian tàpti (to become), Latvian tapt (to become, to get infected), effectively from Proto-Balto-Slavic *taptéi (to get stuck) +‎ *-iti.

Verb

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*topìti impf (perfective *topnǫti)[1][2]

  1. to plunge, to dunk
    1. → to sink, to submerge (in liquid)
    2. → to soak, to immerse
    3. → to drown
Inflection
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Descendants
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References

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  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*topìti II”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 496
  2. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “-topiti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si:Pslovan. *topi̋ti ‛potapljati’
Further reading
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  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “топи́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress