-ettek

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See also: ettek, -ették, and ették

Hungarian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From -ett (past-tense suffix) +‎ -ek (third-person plural suffix).

Suffix

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-ettek

  1. (past-tense suffix) Forms the third-person plural past tense of verbs (indefinite conjugation).
    szerkeszt (to edit) + ‎-ettek → ‎szerkesztettek (they edited)
    vetít (to project) + ‎-ettek → ‎vetítettek (they projected)
    vet (to sow) + ‎-ettek → ‎vetettek (they sowed/sown)
Usage notes
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  • (past-tense suffix) Variants:
    -tak is added to most back-vowel verbs
    -tek is added to most front-vowel verbs
    -ttak is added to back-vowel verbs ending in a vowel (, , szí; ó, ; )
    -ttek is added to front-vowel verbs ending in a vowel (, , sző; nyű)
    -ottak is added to back-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (fut, nyit, except lát)
    -ettek is added to unrounded front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (vet)
    -öttek is added to rounded front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (köt, süt, üt)

Etymology 2

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From -et (causative suffix) +‎ -t (past-tense suffix) +‎ -ek (third-person plural suffix).

Suffix

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-ettek

  1. (past-tense causative suffix) Forms the third-person plural causative past tense of verbs (indefinite conjugation), used with -val/-vel, e.g. vele, velük etc., otherwise coinciding with the above forms.
    fest (to paint) + ‎-ettek → ‎festettek (they had someone paint something)
    megért (to understand) + ‎-ettek → ‎megértettek (they made someone understand something)
Usage notes
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Homonymy exists between regular and causative past tense forms of consonant + t types of front-vowel verbs, in all the six persons, both with definite and indefinite endings, except for the third-person singular indefinite form (-ettem, -ettél, –, -ettünk, -ettetek, -ettek; -ettem, -etted, -ette, -ettük, -ettétek, -ették; -ettelek). On the other hand, other types of front-vowel verbs as well as back-vowel verbs take different forms for the regular and the causative past tense (e.g. -ottam and -attam, e.g. ugrottam and ugrattam among similar back-vowel verbs, other front-vowel verb types having clearly distinct forms: kértem vs. kérettem, kerestem vs. kerestettem). However, the -val/-vel argument is compulsory with the causative sense, so it makes the distinction easier (e.g. megértettem velük a különbséget – “I made them understand the difference”).

See also

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