過程

See also: 过程

Chinese

		to cross; to go over; (experienced action marker) to cross; to go over; (experienced action marker); to pass; to celebrate; to live; to get along; excessively; too-	rule; order; regulations rule; order; regulations; formula; journey; procedure; sequence; surname
trad. (過程)		過	程
simp. (过程)		过	程

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): guòchéng

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄛˋ ㄔㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gwo³ cing⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ko-chhàng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kòe-têng / kèr-thêng / kè-têng / kè-thêng / kòe-thêng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): guê³ tian⁵

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: guòchéng
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄛˋ ㄔㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: guòchéng
    • Wade–Giles: kuo⁴-chʻêng²
    • Yale: gwò-chéng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guohcherng
    • Palladius: гочэн (gočɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gwo³ cing⁴
    • Yale: gwo chìhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gwo³ tsing⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: guo³ qing⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷɔː³³ t͡sʰɪŋ²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ko-chhàng
    • Hakka Romanization System: go cangˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: go⁴ cang²
    • Sinological IPA: /ko⁵⁵ t͡sʰaŋ¹¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kòe-têng
    • Tâi-lô: kuè-tîng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koea'deeng
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kue²¹⁻⁴¹ tiɪŋ²³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kèr-thêng
    • Tâi-lô: kèr-thîng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kə⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tʰiɪŋ²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kè-têng
    • Tâi-lô: kè-tîng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kea'deeng
    • IPA (Taipei): /ke¹¹⁻⁵³ tiɪŋ²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kè-thêng
    • Tâi-lô: kè-thîng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kea'teeng
    • IPA (Taipei): /ke¹¹⁻⁵³ tʰiɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ke²¹⁻⁵³ tʰiɪŋ²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kòe-thêng
    • Tâi-lô: kuè-thîng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koea'teeng
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kue²¹⁻⁵³ tʰiɪŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kue²¹⁻⁴¹ tʰiɪŋ²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: guê³ tian⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kuè thiâⁿ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kue²¹³⁻⁵⁵ tʰĩã⁵⁵/

Noun

過程

1. process; course

   認識過程／认识过程  ―  rènshi guòchéng  ―  cognitive process

   一個漫長的過程／一个漫长的过程  ―  yīge màncháng de guòchéng  ―  a long process

   全過程人民民主／全过程人民民主  ―  quán guòchéng rénmín mínzhǔ  ―  whole-process people's democracy

   它在這個過程中起什麼作用？ [MSC, trad.]
   它在这个过程中起什么作用？ [MSC, simp.]

   Tā zài zhège guòchéng zhōng qǐ shénme zuòyòng? [Pinyin]

   What role does it play in this process?

   在輸血過程中應密切注意輸血的不良反應發生並應及時合理的處理。 [MSC, trad.]
   在输血过程中应密切注意输血的不良反应发生并应及时合理的处理。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zài shūxuè guòchéng zhōng yīng mìqiè zhùyì shūxuè de bùliáng fǎnyìng fāshēng bìng yīnggāi jíshí hélǐ de chǔlǐ. [Pinyin]

   During blood transfusions we should pay close attention to potential adverse reactions and deal with them in a timely and reasonable manner.

2. (Mainland China, computing) procedure

Synonyms

• 歷程／历程 (lìchéng)
• 流程 (liúchéng)
• 行程 (xíngchéng)
• 進程／进程 (jìnchéng)

 

Derived terms

• 映射過程／映射过程
• 生產過程／生产过程
• 認識過程／认识过程
• 轉變過程／转变过程
• 隨機過程／随机过程 (suíjī guòchéng)
• 馬爾可夫過程／马尔可夫过程

 

Japanese

Kanji in this term
過	程
か Grade: 5	てい Grade: 5
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) かてー [kàtéé] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ka̠te̞ː]

• Homophones: 家庭, 仮定, 課程

Noun

過(か)程(てい) • (katei) 

1. process
   • 2011, Barack Obama, 中東と北アフリカに関するバラク・オバマの演説, translation of "Remarks by the President on the Middle East and North Africa":

     その過(か)程(てい)では、悪(わる)い時期(じき)も良(よ)い時期(じき)もあろう。

     Sono katei de wa, warui jiki mo yoi jiki mo arō.

     Along the way, there will be good days and there will be bad days.

Synonyms

• プロセス (purosesu)
• 経緯(いきさつ) (ikisatsu)

Korean

Hanja in this term
過	程

Noun

過程 • (gwajeong) (hangeul 과정)

1. Hanja form^? of 과정 (“process”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
過	程

Noun

過程

1. chữ Hán form of quá trình (“process”).