εἶπον

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ἔειπον (éeipon) — Epic, Lyric
• εἶπα (eîpa)
• ἔειπα (éeipa) — Poetic

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *eweikʷon, dissimilated from *eweukʷon, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éwewkʷom, from *wekʷ- (“to speak, make a sound”), from which also came ὄψ (óps, “voice, word”). Cognate with Sanskrit अवोचम् (á-vocam) and Latin vōx (“voice”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /êː.pon/ → /ˈi.pon/ → /ˈi.pon/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /êː.pon/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈi.pon/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈi.pon/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈi.pon/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈi.pon/

Verb

εἶπον • (eîpon)

1. to say, speak

Usage notes

εἶπον generally supplies aorist active forms to the verbs εἴρω (eírō) and λέγω (légō, “say”).

Inflection

   Aorist: εἶπον, εἰπόμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	εἶπον	εἶπες	εἶπε(ν)	εἴπετον	εἰπέτην	εἴπομεν	εἴπετε	εἶπον
	subjunctive	εἴπω	εἴπῃς	εἴπῃ	εἴπητον	εἴπητον	εἴπωμεν	εἴπητε	εἴπωσῐ(ν)
	optative	εἴποιμῐ	εἴποις	εἴποι	εἴποιτον	εἰποίτην	εἴποιμεν	εἴποιτε	εἴποιεν
	imperative		εἰπέ	εἰπέτω	εἴπετον	εἰπέτων		εἴπετε	εἰπόντων
middle	indicative	εἰπόμην	εἴπου	εἴπετο	εἴπεσθον	εἰπέσθην	εἰπόμεθᾰ	εἴπεσθε	εἴποντο
	subjunctive	εἴπωμαι	εἴπῃ	εἴπηται	εἴπησθον	εἴπησθον	εἰπώμεθᾰ	εἴπησθε	εἴπωνται
	optative	εἰποίμην	εἴποιο	εἴποιτο	εἴποισθον	εἰποίσθην	εἰποίμεθᾰ	εἴποισθε	εἴποιντο
	imperative		εἰποῦ	εἰπέσθω	εἴπεσθον	εἰπέσθων		εἴπεσθε	εἰπέσθων
		active			middle
infinitive		εἰπεῖν			εἰπέσθαι
participle	m	εἰπών			εἰπόμενος
	f	εἰποῦσᾰ			εἰπομένη
	n	εἰπόν			εἰπόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ἔειπον, ἐειπόμην (Epic, Lyric)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἔειπον	ἔειπες	ἔειπε(ν)	ἐείπετον	ἐειπέτην	ἐείπομεν	ἐείπετε	ἔειπον
	subjunctive	εἴπω, εἴπωμῐ	εἴπῃς, εἴπῃσθᾰ	εἴπῃ, εἴπῃσῐ	εἴπητον	εἴπητον	εἴπωμεν	εἴπητε	εἴπωσῐ(ν)
	optative	εἴποιμῐ	εἴποις/εἴποισθᾰ	εἴποι	εἰπεῖτον	εἰπείτην	εἰπεῖμεν	εἰπεῖτε	εἰπεῖεν
	imperative		εἶπε	εἰπέτω	εἴπετον	εἰπέτων		εἴπετε	εἰπόντων
middle	indicative	ἐειπόμην	ἐείπεο	ἐείπετο	ἐείπεσθον	ἐειπέσθην	ἐειπόμε(σ)θᾰ	ἐείπεσθε	ἐείποντο
	subjunctive	εἴπωμαι	εἴπηαι	εἴπηται	εἴπησθον	εἴπησθον	εἰπώμε(σ)θᾰ	εἴπησθε	εἴπωνται
	optative	εἰποίμην	εἴποιο	εἴποιτο	εἴποισθον	εἰποίσθην	εἰποίμε(σ)θᾰ	εἴποισθε	εἰποίᾰτο
	imperative		εἴπεο	εἰπέσθω	εἴπεσθον	εἰπέσθων		εἴπεσθε	εἰπέσθων
		active			middle
infinitive		εἰπεῖν/εἰπέμεν(αι)			εἰπέσθαι
participle	m	εἰπών			εἰπόμενος
	f	εἰποῦσᾰ			εἰπομένη
	n	εἰπόν			εἰπόμενον
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: εἴπεσκον, εἰπεσκόμην (Epic, iterative)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	εἴπεσκον	εἴπεσκες	εἴπεσκε(ν)	εἰπέσκετον	εἰπεσκέτην	εἰπέσκομεν	εἰπέσκετε	εἴπεσκον
	subjunctive	εἰπέσκω, εἰπέσκωμῐ	εἰπέσκῃς, εἰπέσκῃσθᾰ	εἰπέσκῃ, εἰπέσκῃσῐ	εἰπέσκητον	εἰπέσκητον	εἰπέσκωμεν	εἰπέσκητε	εἰπέσκωσῐ(ν)
	optative	εἰπέσκοιμῐ	εἰπέσκοις/εἰπέσκοισθᾰ	εἰπέσκοι	εἰπεσκεῖτον	εἰπεσκείτην	εἰπεσκεῖμεν	εἰπεσκεῖτε	εἰπεσκεῖεν
	imperative		εἴπεσκε	εἰπεσκέτω	εἰπέσκετον	εἰπεσκέτων		εἰπέσκετε	εἰπεσκόντων
middle	indicative	εἰπεσκόμην	εἰπέσκεο	εἰπέσκετο	εἰπέσκεσθον	εἰπεσκέσθην	εἰπεσκόμε(σ)θᾰ	εἰπέσκεσθε	εἰπέσκοντο
	subjunctive	εἰπέσκωμαι	εἰπέσκηαι	εἰπέσκηται	εἰπέσκησθον	εἰπέσκησθον	εἰπεσκώμε(σ)θᾰ	εἰπέσκησθε	εἰπέσκωνται
	optative	εἰπεσκοίμην	εἰπέσκοιο	εἰπέσκοιτο	εἰπέσκοισθον	εἰπεσκοίσθην	εἰπεσκοίμε(σ)θᾰ	εἰπέσκοισθε	εἰπεσκοίᾰτο
	imperative		εἰπέσκεο	εἰπεσκέσθω	εἰπέσκεσθον	εἰπεσκέσθων		εἰπέσκεσθε	εἰπεσκέσθων
		active			middle
infinitive		εἰπεσκεῖν/εἰπεσκέμεν(αι)			εἰπεσκέσθαι
participle	m	εἰπεσκών			εἰπεσκόμενος
	f	εἰπεσκοῦσᾰ			εἰπεσκομένη
	n	εἰπεσκόν			εἰπεσκόμενον
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: εἶπᾰ, εἰπᾰ́μην (rare)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	εἶπᾰ	εἶπᾰς	εἶπε(ν)	εἴπᾰτον	εἰπᾰ́την	εἴπᾰμεν	εἴπᾰτε	εἶπᾰν
	subjunctive	εἴπω	εἴπῃς	εἴπῃ	εἴπητον	εἴπητον	εἴπωμεν	εἴπητε	εἴπωσῐ(ν)
	optative	εἴπαιμῐ	εἴπειᾰς, εἴπαις	εἴπειε(ν), εἴπαι	εἴπαιτον	εἰπαίτην	εἴπαιμεν	εἴπαιτε	εἴπειᾰν, εἴπαιεν
	imperative		εἶπον	εἰπᾰ́τω	εἴπᾰτον	εἰπᾰ́των		εἴπᾰτε	εἰπᾰ́ντων
middle	indicative	εἰπᾰ́μην	εἴπω	εἴπᾰτο	εἴπᾰσθον	εἰπᾰ́σθην	εἰπᾰ́μεθᾰ	εἴπᾰσθε	εἴπᾰντο
	subjunctive	εἴπωμαι	εἴπῃ	εἴπηται	εἴπησθον	εἴπησθον	εἰπώμεθᾰ	εἴπησθε	εἴπωνται
	optative	εἰπαίμην	εἴπαιο	εἴπαιτο	εἴπαισθον	εἰπαίσθην	εἰπαίμεθᾰ	εἴπαισθε	εἴπαιντο
	imperative		εἶπαι	εἰπᾰ́σθω	εἴπᾰσθον	εἰπᾰ́σθων		εἴπᾰσθε	εἰπᾰ́σθων
		active			middle
infinitive		εἶπαι			εἴπᾰσθαι
participle	m	εἴπᾱς			εἰπᾰ́μενος
	f	εἴπᾱσᾰ			εἰπᾰμένη
	n	εἶπᾰν			εἰπᾰ́μενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ἔειπᾰ, ἐειπᾰ́μην (rare, Poetic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἔειπᾰ	ἔειπᾰς	ἔειπε(ν)	ἐείπᾰτον	ἐειπᾰ́την	ἐείπᾰμεν	ἐείπᾰτε	ἔειπᾰν
middle	indicative	ἐειπᾰ́μην	ἐείπω	ἐείπᾰτο	ἐείπᾰσθον	ἐειπᾰ́σθην	ἐειπᾰ́μεθᾰ	ἐείπᾰσθε	ἐείπᾰντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

• ἀνεῖπον (aneîpon)
• ἀντεῖπον (anteîpon)
• ἀντιπροσεῖπον (antiproseîpon)
• ἀπεῖπον (apeîpon)
• διεῖπον (dieîpon)
• ἐξεῖπον (exeîpon)
• ἐπανεῖπον (epaneîpon)
• ἐπεῖπον (epeîpon)
• κατεῖπον (kateîpon)
• μετεῖπον (meteîpon)
• περιεῖπον (perieîpon)
• προαπεῖπον (proapeîpon)
• προσανεῖπον (prosaneîpon)
• προσαπεῖπον (prosapeîpon)
• προσεῖπον (proseîpon)
• προσεπεῖπον (prosepeîpon)
• συνεῖπον (suneîpon)
• ὑπεῖπον (hupeîpon)

 

References

• “εἶπον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “εἶπον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “εἶπον”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• εἶπον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• εἶπον in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• εἶπον in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• “εἶπον”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter