znf

Egyptian

Etymology

From Proto-Afroasiatic *ʒin- with an uncertain suffix -f, according to Orel and Stolbova’s very tentative reconstruction. If so, perhaps cognate with West Chadic *ʒin- (“blood”), whence Hausa jini.

Pronunciation

 

• (noun): (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /zVˈnaf/ → /sVˈnaf/ → /səˈnaf/ → /səˈnaf/

• (noun): (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /zVˈnaf/

  where V represents an unknown short vowel.

• (noun): (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /sVˈnaf/

  where V represents an unknown short vowel.

• (noun): (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /səˈnaf/
• (noun): (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /səˈnaf/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /zɛnɛf/
  • Conventional anglicization: zenef

Noun

 m

1. blood

Inflection

Declension of znf (masculine)

singular	znf
dual	znfwj
plural	znfw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of znf  

znf	znf	znfw

Descendants

• Demotic: ⁠⁠ (snf)
  • Akhmimic Coptic: ⲥⲛⲁϥ (snaf)
  • Bohairic Coptic: ⲥⲛⲟϥ (snof)
  • Fayyumic Coptic: ⲥⲛⲁϥ (snaf), ⲥⲛⲟϥ (snof)
  • Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲥⲛⲁϥ (snaf)
  • Old Coptic: ⲥⲛⲟⲃ (snob)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ⲥⲛⲟϥ (snof), ⲥⲛⲟⲃ (snob)

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (intransitive) to bleed

Inflection

Conjugation of znf (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: znf, geminated stem: znff

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural znf znfw, znf znft znf znf ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 znf ḥr znf m znf r znf suffix conjugation aspect / mood active contingent aspect / mood active perfect znf.n consecutive znf.jn terminative znft perfective3 znf obligative1 znf.ḫr imperfective znf prospective3 znf potentialis1 znf.kꜣ subjunctive znf verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active active passive perfect znf.n — — perfective znf znf znf, znfw5, znfy5 imperfective znf, znfy, znfw5 znf, znfj6, znfy6 znf, znfw5 prospective znf, znftj7 znftj4, znft4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of znf  

znf

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1929) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 3, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 459.2–459.15
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 232