wbḫ

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /waˈbaχ/ → /waˈbaχ/ → /wəˈbaχ/ → /wəˈβaχ/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /waˈbaχ/ (infinitive)
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /waˈbaχ/ (infinitive)
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /wəˈbaχ/ (infinitive)
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /wəˈβaχ/ (infinitive)

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /wɛbɛx/
  • Conventional anglicization: webekh

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (intransitive) to be(come) bright, to brighten

Inflection

Conjugation of wbḫ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: wbḫ, geminated stem: wbḫḫ

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural wbḫ wbḫw, wbḫ wbḫt wbḫ wbḫ ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 wbḫ ḥr wbḫ m wbḫ r wbḫ suffix conjugation aspect / mood active contingent aspect / mood active perfect wbḫ.n consecutive wbḫ.jn terminative wbḫt perfective3 wbḫ obligative1 wbḫ.ḫr imperfective wbḫ prospective3 wbḫ potentialis1 wbḫ.kꜣ subjunctive wbḫ verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active active passive perfect wbḫ.n — — perfective wbḫ wbḫ wbḫ, wbḫw5, wbḫy5 imperfective wbḫ, wbḫy, wbḫw5 wbḫ, wbḫj6, wbḫy6 wbḫ, wbḫw5 prospective wbḫ, wbḫtj7 wbḫtj4, wbḫt4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine.

Derived terms

• wbḫt
• swbḫ

Descendants

• Akhmimic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ (oubax)
• Fayyumic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲃⲉϣ (oubeš)
• Sahidic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲃⲁϣ (oubaš)

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 295.12–295.20