umal

See also: -umal

Cebuano

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: u‧mal

Noun

umal

1. a piece of land depleted of minerals due to agriculture

Verb

umal

1. to cause the soil to become barren or infertile

Adjective

umal

1. (of soil) not fertile; infertile; not producing vegetation; barren

Dupaningan Agta

Noun

umal

1. mute person; someone who does not speak at all or has difficulty speaking

Old Irish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin humilis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈuβ̃al]

Adjective

umal

1. humble; obedient
2. obedient, submissive, subject [with do ‘to’]
3. ready, willing [with le ‘to’]

Inflection

o/ā-stem

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	umal	umal	umal
vocative	umail* umal**
accusative	umal	umail
genitive	umail	uimle	umail
dative	umal	umail	umal
plural	masculine	feminine/neuter
nominative	umail	umla
vocative	umlu umla†
accusative	umlu umla†
genitive	umal
dative	uimlib

*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative
**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

Derived terms

• umligid
• umlaid
• umlaidecht

Descendants

• Irish: umhal
• Scottish Gaelic: ùmhal

Noun

umal m

1. humble, obedient person

Inflection

Masculine o-stem

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	umal	umalL	umailL
vocative	umail	umalL	umluH
accusative	umalN	umalL	umluH
genitive	umailL	umal	umalN
dative	umalL	uimlib	uimlib

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

• ^H = triggers aspiration
• ^L = triggers lenition
• ^N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Irish: umhal

Mutation

Mutation of umal

radical	lenition	nasalization
umal (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	unchanged	n-umal

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “umal”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈu.mal/
• Rhymes: -umal
• Syllabification: u‧mal

Verb

umal

1. second-person singular imperative of umalić