ukar
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Old Tupi
[edit]Verb
[edit]ukar (first-person singular active indicative aîukar, first-person singular negative active indicative n'aîukari, noun ukara) (transitive)
- to make; to compel
- to order (to issue a command to)
- Synonym: pûaî
- to let (to allow to, not to prevent)
- forms causative verbs from transitive verbs
- Coordinate term: (with intransitive verbs) mo-
Conjugation
[edit] Conjugation of ukar (transitive, R-ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi verbs)
Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.
Causative-comitative | eroukar | |||||
Reflexive | îeukar | |||||
Deverbals | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
-ba'e | oîukaryba'e | |||||
emi- | emiukara / miukara | |||||
-pyr(a) | i ukarypyra | |||||
-sab(a) | ukasaba / ukaraba | |||||
-sar(a) | ukasara / ukarara | |||||
Singular | Singular & Plural | Plural | ||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person exclusive | 1st person inclusive | 2nd person | |
Verbal forms | ||||||
Active | ||||||
Indicative | aîukar | ereîukar | oîukar | oroîukar | îaîukar | peîukar |
Permissive | t'aîukar | t'ereîukar | t'oîukar | t'oroîukar | t'îaîukar | ta peîukar |
Imperative | eîukar | peîukar | ||||
Negative indicative | n'aîukari | n'ereîukari | n'oîukari | n'oroîukari | n'îaîukari | na peîukari |
Negative permissive | t'aîukar umẽ | t'ereîukar umẽ | t'oîukar umẽ | t'oroîukar umẽ | t'îaîukar umẽ | ta peîukar umẽ |
Negative imperative | eîukar umẽ | peîukar umẽ | ||||
Nominal forms | ||||||
Infinitive | ||||||
Affirmative | ukara | |||||
Negative | ukare'yma | |||||
Gerund | ||||||
Affirmative | xe uká | nde uká | i uká | oré uká | îandé uká | pe uká |
Negative | xe ukare'yma | nde ukare'yma | i ukare'yma | oré ukare'yma | îandé ukare'yma | pe ukare'yma |
Circumstantial | ||||||
Affirmative | xe ukari | i ukari | oré ukari | îandé ukari | ||
Negative | xe ukare'ymi | i ukare'ymi | oré ukare'ymi | îandé ukare'ymi |
Descendants
[edit]- Nheengatu: kari
References
[edit]- Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “ukar”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 496, column 2