tular

Indonesian

Etymology

Inherited from Malay تولر (tular, “to spread (of a disease)”), from Javanese ꦠꦸꦭꦂ (tular, “to spread the disease”), from Old Javanese tular (“to move”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtular]
• Hyphenation: tu‧lar

Verb

tular

1. to infect

Conjugation

Conjugation of tular (meng-, intransitive)

root	tular
	active	passive		imperative colloquial	emphatic jussive
		reflective1	ordinary
	ordinary
active	menular	tertular	ditular	tular	tularlah
locative	menulari	tertulari	ditulari	tulari	tularilah
perfective causative / applicative2	menularkan	tertularkan	ditularkan	tularkan	tularkanlah
	causative
active	mempertular	terpertular	dipertular	pertular	pertularlah
locative	mempertulari	terpertulari	dipertulari	pertulari	pertularilah
perfective causative / applicative2	mempertularkan	terpertularkan	dipertularkan	pertularkan	pertularkanlah

¹ There is other form of reflective passive verb with affixation of ke- -an which not included in the table. This form is only attested in active voice without causative affixation of per-.
² The -kan row is either causative or applicative. With transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning.
Some of these forms do not normally exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning.

Derived terms

• ditulari
• ditularkan
• ketularan
• menular
• menulari
• menularkan
• penularan
• tertular
• tertulari

Further reading

• “tular” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Javanese

Romanization

tular

1. Romanization of ꦠꦸꦭꦂ

Malay

Etymology

Borrowed from Javanese ꦠꦸꦭꦂ (tular, “to spread the disease”), from Old Javanese tular (“to move”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tular/
  • (Johor-Riau) IPA^(key): [tula]
• Rhymes: -lar, -ar

Verb

tular

1. to spread (of a disease)

   Synonyms: jalar, rebak

   Penyakit itu menular dengan sangat cepat.

   That disease spread really quickly.

2. (social media, except Indonesia) to go viral

   Synonym: viral (Indonesian)

   Sebuah video bayi bermain catur menular baru-baru ini.

   A video of a baby playing chess went viral recently.

Derived terms

• ditulari
• ditularkan
• ketularan
• menular
• menulari
• menularkan
• penular
• penularan
• tulari
• tularkan

Descendants

• > Indonesian: tular (inherited)

Further reading

• “tular” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Old Javanese

Etymology

Unknown

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tu.lar/

Root

tular

1. to move

Derived terms

• anular
• anular-nular
• anularakĕn
• anulari
• atula-tular
• katularan
• patular
• tan tular
• tumular
• tumular-tular
• wintaṅ anular

Descendants

• > Javanese: ꦠꦸꦭꦂ (tular) (inherited)
  • → Malay: تولر (tular)
    • > Indonesian: tular (inherited)

Further reading

• "tular" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

Spanish

Noun

tular m (plural tulares)

1. bulrush field or plantation, area covered with bulrushes

Further reading

• “tular”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

Yámana

Noun

tular

1. mountain, hill