treiglad

Welsh

Alternative forms

• (North Wales) treigliad

Etymology

From treiglo (“to mutate”) +‎ -ad.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtrei̯ɡlad/
• Rhymes: -ei̯ɡlad

Noun

treiglad m (plural treigladau)

1. (linguistics, countable) a mutation
   • 1996, Peter Wynn Thomas, Gramadeg y Gymraeg, Gwasg Prifysgol Cymru, page 683:

     Er mor sylfaenol yw treiglo i ramadeg y Gymraeg, dim ond ar naw cytsain y gall effeithio. Y mae'r newidiadau'n ymddosbarthu'n dair prif gyfres o dreigladau, sef: i. y treiglad meddal, ii. y treiglad trwynol, a iii. y treiglad llaes.

     Despite mutation being so fundamental to Welsh grammar, it can only affect nine consonants. The changes are classified into three main series o mutations, namely: i. the soft mutation, ii. the nasal mutation and iii. the aspirate mutation.

2. (obsolete) inflection

   Synonym: ffurfdroad

Usage notes

The word treiglad is used to refer to a particular kind or instance of mutation. However as is practice in Welsh grammar, when referring the concept or process of mutation, the verbnoun treiglo is used as a masculine noun.

Derived terms

• treiglad caled (“hard mutation”)
• treiglad cymysg (“mixed mutation”)
• treiglad cyswllt (“connective mutation”)
• treiglad llaes (“aspirate mutation”)
• treiglad meddal (“soft mutation”)
• treiglad sangiadol (“parenthetical mutation”)
• treiglad swyddogaethol (“functional mutation”)
• treiglad trwynol (“nasal mutation”)
• treigladol (“mutational”)

 

Mutation

Mutated forms of treiglad

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
treiglad	dreiglad	nhreiglad	threiglad

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “treiglad”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies