translitérer

French

Alternative forms

• translittérer

Pronunciation

• Audio:

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Verb

translitérer

1. to transliterate

Conjugation

This verb is conjugated like céder. It is a regular -er verb, except that its last stem vowel alternates between /e/ (written 'é') and /ɛ/ (written 'è'), with the latter being used before mute 'e'. One special case is the future stem, used in the future and the conditional. Before 1990, the future stem of such verbs was written translitérer-, reflecting the historic pronunciation /e/. In 1990, the French Academy recommended that it be written translitèrer-, reflecting the now common pronunciation /ɛ/, thereby making this distinction consistent throughout the conjugation (and also matching in this regard the conjugations of verbs like lever and jeter). Both spellings are in use today, and both are therefore given here.

Conjugation of translitérer (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	translitérer
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	translitérant /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		translitéré /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁe/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	translitère /tʁɑ̃.sli.tɛʁ/	translitères /tʁɑ̃.sli.tɛʁ/	translitère /tʁɑ̃.sli.tɛʁ/	translitérons /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁɔ̃/	translitérez /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁe/	translitèrent /tʁɑ̃.sli.tɛʁ/
	imperfect	translitérais /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁɛ/	translitérais /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁɛ/	translitérait /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁɛ/	translitérions /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁjɔ̃/	translitériez /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁje/	translitéraient /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁɛ/
	past historic2	translitérai /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁe/	translitéras /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁa/	translitéra /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁa/	translitérâmes /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁam/	translitérâtes /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁat/	translitérèrent /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁɛʁ/
	future	translitèrerai or translitérerai /tʁɑ̃.sli.tɛ.ʁə.ʁe/ or /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁə.ʁe/	translitèreras or translitéreras /tʁɑ̃.sli.tɛ.ʁə.ʁa/ or /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁə.ʁa/	translitèrera or translitérera /tʁɑ̃.sli.tɛ.ʁə.ʁa/ or /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁə.ʁa/	translitèrerons or translitérerons /tʁɑ̃.sli.tɛ.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/ or /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/	translitèrerez or translitérerez /tʁɑ̃.sli.tɛ.ʁə.ʁe/ or /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁə.ʁe/	translitèreront or translitéreront /tʁɑ̃.sli.tɛ.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/ or /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	translitèrerais or translitérerais /tʁɑ̃.sli.tɛ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ or /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁə.ʁɛ/	translitèrerais or translitérerais /tʁɑ̃.sli.tɛ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ or /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁə.ʁɛ/	translitèrerait or translitérerait /tʁɑ̃.sli.tɛ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ or /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁə.ʁɛ/	translitèrerions or translitérerions /tʁɑ̃.sli.tɛ.ʁə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁə.ʁjɔ̃/	translitèreriez or translitéreriez /tʁɑ̃.sli.tɛ.ʁə.ʁje/ or /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁə.ʁje/	translitèreraient or translitéreraient /tʁɑ̃.sli.tɛ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ or /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁə.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	translitère /tʁɑ̃.sli.tɛʁ/	translitères /tʁɑ̃.sli.tɛʁ/	translitère /tʁɑ̃.sli.tɛʁ/	translitérions /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁjɔ̃/	translitériez /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁje/	translitèrent /tʁɑ̃.sli.tɛʁ/
	imperfect2	translitérasse /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁas/	translitérasses /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁas/	translitérât /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁa/	translitérassions /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁa.sjɔ̃/	translitérassiez /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁa.sje/	translitérassent /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	translitère /tʁɑ̃.sli.tɛʁ/	—	translitérons /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁɔ̃/	translitérez /tʁɑ̃.sli.te.ʁe/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

• “translitérer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.