torbae

Old Irish

Alternative forms

• torbe

Etymology

to- +‎ ro- +‎ báe (“profit”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtorβe/, [ˈtorβɘ]

Noun

torbae n (genitive torbai, no plural)

1. verbal noun of do·rorban
2. profit, benefit, use

Inflection

Neuter io-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	torbaeN, torbe	—	—
Vocative	torbaeN	—	—
Accusative	torbaeN, torbe	—	—
Genitive	torbaiL, torbiL	—	—
Dative	torbuL	—	—
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Quotations

• c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 12^c32

  Acht nammáa is samlid is torbe són, co eter·certa a n‑as·bera et con·rucca i n‑ætarcne cáich.

  But it is only thus that this is a profit, that he may interpret what he says and bring it into everyone’s understanding.

• c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 12^c36

  Cote mo thorbe-se dúib mad [a]mne labrar?

  What do I profit you pl if it be thus that I speak (subj.)?

  (literally, “what is my profit to you…”)

• c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 120^c7

  cid torbae ara·torsata ⁊ cía gním du·gníat inna dúli

  what use the elements have been created for and what work they do

Derived terms

• torbatu

Descendants

• Irish: tarbha, tairbhe
• Scottish Gaelic: tairbhe

Mutation

Mutation of torbae

radical	lenition	nasalization
torbae	thorbae	torbae pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “torbae”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Pedersen, Holger (1913) Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen [Comparative Grammar of the Celtic Languages] (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, § 647.11 Anm., pages 445–446
• Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, page 529; reprinted 2017