tolak

Indonesian

Etymology

Inherited from Malay tolak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tulak (“push something away, shove, repel; push off, as a boat leaving shore or being poled through shallow water”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈtolak/ [ˈt̪o.lak̚]
• Rhymes: -olak
• Syllabification: to‧lak

Verb

tolak

1. to reject
2. (rare) to push

   Synonyms: dorong, sorong

Hyponyms

• tolak angsur
• tolak bahara
• tolak bala
• tolak balik
• tolak bara
• tolak bayar
• tolak nirpendapat
• tolak peluru
• tolak raih
• tolak senjata
• tolak sumpah
• tolak tarik

Derived terms

• bertolak
• bertolak-tolak
• bertolak-tolakan
• ditolak
• menolak
• menolakkan
• penolak
• penolakan
• tertolak
• tolak-menolak
• tolakan

Further reading

• “tolak” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Javanese

Romanization

tolak

1. Romanization of ꦠꦺꦴꦭꦏ꧀

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tulak (“push something away, shove, repel; push off, as a boat leaving shore or being poled through shallow water”). Cognate with Tagalog tulak.

Pronunciation

• (Johor-Riau) IPA^(key): /ˈtolak/ [ˈt̪o.laʔ]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aʔ
• Hyphenation: to‧lak

Verb

tolak (Jawi spelling تولق)

1. to push

   Antonym: tarik

   Dak baik menolak orang macam tu!

   It's not good pushing people like that!

2. to reject, to withdraw

   Antonyms: sokong, terima

   Tawaran diskaun tiba-tiba itu ditolak oleh pelanggan yang tidak suka akan barang itu.

   The sudden discount offer was rejected by the customer who was not fond of the product.

3. subtract, deduct, remove, minus

   Antonyms: tambah, campur

   4 tolak 5 ― 4 minus 5

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• penolak [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
• tolakan [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
• menolak [agent focus] (meN-)
• menolakkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
• ditolak [patient focus] (di-)
• ditolakkan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
• tertolak [agentless action] (teR-)

Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:

• tolak-menolak
• tolak ansur (“tolerance”)

Descendants

• Indonesian: tolak
• North Moluccan Malay: tola (“to push”)

Further reading

• “tolak” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
• Austronesian Comparative Dictionary - *tulak

Maranao

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tulak (“to push away”).

Verb

tolak

1. to disown; to renounce
2. to push (a boat) out to sea

References

• Howard P. McKaughan, Batua A. Macaraya (1967) A Maranao Dictionary‎^[1] (overall work in Maranao and English), University of Hawaii Press

Tetum

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

tolak

1. to curse

Further reading

• Fransiskus Monteiro (1985) Kamus Tetun-Indonesia [Tetum-Indonesian Dictionary] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan