toirsech

Old Irish

Etymology

From toirse +‎ -ach.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtor͈ʲsʲex/

Adjective

toirsech

1. mournful, sorrowful
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 29^d19

     Ná ba thoirsech cía béo-sa hi carcair.

     Do not be mournful even though I am in prison.

Declension

o/ā-stem
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	toirsech	toirsech	toirsech
Vocative	toirsig* toirsech**
Accusative	toirsech	toirsig
Genitive	toirsig	toirsige	toirsig
Dative	toirsech	toirsig	toirsech
Plural	Masculine	Feminine/neuter
Nominative	toirsig	toirsecha
Vocative	toirsechu toirsecha†
Accusative	toirsechu toirsecha†
Genitive	toirsech
Dative	toirsechaib
Notes	*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized

Descendants

• Irish: tuirseach (“tired, weary”)
• Scottish Gaelic: tùirseach

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
toirsech	thoirsech	toirsech pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “toirsech”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language