tirim

See also: tírim

Irish

Alternative forms

tirm, trim (nonstandard)

Etymology

From Old Irish tírim,^[1] from Proto-Celtic *tīresmis.

Pronunciation

(Munster) IPA^(key): (Waterford) /ˈtʲeɾʲəmʲ/^[2]; (Cork) /tʲɾʲimʲ/ (corresponding to the form trim)^[3]; (Kerry) /ˈtʲiɾʲəmʲ/^[4], /tʲɪˈɾʲimʲ/ ~ /tʲɾʲimʲ/^[5]
(Connacht) IPA^(key): /ˈtʲeɾʲəmʲ/^[6], /tʲiɾʲəmʲ/^[7]
(Ulster) IPA^(key): /ˈtʲɪɾʲəmʲ/^[8], /ˈtʲeɾʲəmʲ/^[9], /ˈtʲɨɾʲəmʲ/^[10]

Adjective

tirim (plural tirime or tiorma, comparative tirime or tiorma)

dry

Declension

Regular declension:

Declension of *tirim*
	singular		plural (m/f)
Positive	masculine	feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
nominative	tirim	thirim	tirime; thirime²
vocative	thirim	thirim	tirime
genitive	thirim	tirime	tirime	tirim
dative	tirim; thirim¹	thirim	tirime; thirime²
Comparative	níos tirime
Superlative	is tirime

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Irregular declension:

Declension of *tirim*
	singular		plural (m/f)
Positive	masculine	feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
nominative	tirim	thirim	tiorma; thiorma²
vocative	thirim	thirim	tiorma
genitive	thirim	tirime	tiorma	tirim
dative	tirim; thirim¹	thirim	tiorma; thiorma²
Comparative	níos tiorma
Superlative	is tiorma

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Derived terms

Related terms

tír

Mutation

Mutated forms of *tirim*
radical	lenition	eclipsis
tirim	thirim	dtirim

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tírim, tirim”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
^ Breatnach, Risteard B. (1947) The Irish of Ring, Co. Waterford: A Phonetic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, section 472, page 127
^ Ó Cuív, Brian (1968) The Irish of West Muskerry, Co. Cork: A Phonetic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, section 421, page 128; reprinted 1988
^ Ó Sé, Diarmuid (2000) Gaeilge Chorca Dhuibhne [The Irish of Corkaguiny] (in Irish), Institiúid Teangeolaíochta Éireann [Linguistics Institute of Ireland], →ISBN, section 21, page 29
^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 262, page 133
^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 295
^ Mhac an Fhailigh, Éamonn (1968) The Irish of Erris, Co. Mayo: A Phonemic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, section 226, page 51
^ Wagner, Heinrich (1959) Gaeilge Theilinn: Foghraidheacht, Gramadach, Téacsanna [The Irish of Teelin: Phonetics, Grammar, Texts] (in Irish), Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath [Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies], section 133, page 47; reprinted 1979
^ Lucas, Leslie W. (1979) Grammar of Ros Goill Irish Co. Donegal (Studies in Irish Language and Literature, Department of Celtic, Q.U.B.; vol. 5), Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen’s University of Belfast, page 303
^ Hamilton, John Noel (1974) A Phonetic Study of the Irish of Tory Island, Co. Donegal (Studies in Irish Language and Literature, Department of Celtic, Q.U.B.; vol. 3), Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen’s University Belfast