thandana

Zulu

Etymology

Verb

-thandana^?

(intransitive) to love each other

Inflection

tone H (infinitive *ukuthandana*)
imperative
	positive	negative
infinitive	ukuthandana	ukungathandani

	simple	+ object concord
singular	thandana	-thandane
plural	thandanani	-thandaneni

present
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiyathandana, ngithandana	engithandanayo, engithandana	ngithandana	angithandani	engingathandani	ngingathandani
2nd singular	uyathandana, uthandana	othandanayo, othandana	uthandana	awuthandani	ongathandani	ungathandani
1st plural	siyathandana, sithandana	esithandanayo, esithandana	sithandana	asithandani	esingathandani	singathandani
2nd plural	niyathandana, nithandana	enithandanayo, enithandana	nithandana	anithandani	eningathandani	ningathandani
class 1	uyathandana, uthandana	othandanayo, othandana	ethandana	akathandani	ongathandani	engathandani
class 2	bayathandana, bathandana	abathandanayo, abathandana	bethandana	abathandani	abangathandani	bengathandani
class 3	uyathandana, uthandana	othandanayo, othandana	uthandana	awuthandani	ongathandani	ungathandani
class 4	iyathandana, ithandana	ethandanayo, ethandana	ithandana	ayithandani	engathandani	ingathandani
class 5	liyathandana, lithandana	elithandanayo, elithandana	lithandana	alithandani	elingathandani	lingathandani
class 6	ayathandana, athandana	athandanayo, athandana	ethandana	awathandani	angathandani	engathandani
class 7	siyathandana, sithandana	esithandanayo, esithandana	sithandana	asithandani	esingathandani	singathandani
class 8	ziyathandana, zithandana	ezithandanayo, ezithandana	zithandana	azithandani	ezingathandani	zingathandani
class 9	iyathandana, ithandana	ethandanayo, ethandana	ithandana	ayithandani	engathandani	ingathandani
class 10	ziyathandana, zithandana	ezithandanayo, ezithandana	zithandana	azithandani	ezingathandani	zingathandani
class 11	luyathandana, luthandana	oluthandanayo, oluthandana	luthandana	aluthandani	olungathandani	lungathandani
class 14	buyathandana, buthandana	obuthandanayo, obuthandana	buthandana	abuthandani	obungathandani	bungathandani
class 15	kuyathandana, kuthandana	okuthandanayo, okuthandana	kuthandana	akuthandani	okungathandani	kungathandani
class 17	kuyathandana, kuthandana	okuthandanayo, okuthandana	kuthandana	akuthandani	okungathandani	kungathandani

recent past
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngithandanile, ngithandanē	engithandanile, engithandanē	ngithandanile, ngithandanē	angithandananga	engingathandananga	ngingathandananga
2nd singular	uthandanile, uthandanē	othandanile, othandanē	uthandanile, uthandanē	awuthandananga	ongathandananga	ungathandananga
1st plural	sithandanile, sithandanē	esithandanile, esithandanē	sithandanile, sithandanē	asithandananga	esingathandananga	singathandananga
2nd plural	nithandanile, nithandanē	enithandanile, enithandanē	nithandanile, nithandanē	anithandananga	eningathandananga	ningathandananga
class 1	uthandanile, uthandanē	othandanile, othandanē	ethandanile, ethandanē	akathandananga	ongathandananga	engathandananga
class 2	bathandanile, bathandanē	abathandanile, abathandanē	bethandanile, bethandanē	abathandananga	abangathandananga	bengathandananga
class 3	uthandanile, uthandanē	othandanile, othandanē	uthandanile, uthandanē	awuthandananga	ongathandananga	ungathandananga
class 4	ithandanile, ithandanē	ethandanile, ethandanē	ithandanile, ithandanē	ayithandananga	engathandananga	ingathandananga
class 5	lithandanile, lithandanē	elithandanile, elithandanē	lithandanile, lithandanē	alithandananga	elingathandananga	lingathandananga
class 6	athandanile, athandanē	athandanile, athandanē	ethandanile, ethandanē	awathandananga	angathandananga	engathandananga
class 7	sithandanile, sithandanē	esithandanile, esithandanē	sithandanile, sithandanē	asithandananga	esingathandananga	singathandananga
class 8	zithandanile, zithandanē	ezithandanile, ezithandanē	zithandanile, zithandanē	azithandananga	ezingathandananga	zingathandananga
class 9	ithandanile, ithandanē	ethandanile, ethandanē	ithandanile, ithandanē	ayithandananga	engathandananga	ingathandananga
class 10	zithandanile, zithandanē	ezithandanile, ezithandanē	zithandanile, zithandanē	azithandananga	ezingathandananga	zingathandananga
class 11	luthandanile, luthandanē	oluthandanile, oluthandanē	luthandanile, luthandanē	aluthandananga	olungathandananga	lungathandananga
class 14	buthandanile, buthandanē	obuthandanile, obuthandanē	buthandanile, buthandanē	abuthandananga	obungathandananga	bungathandananga
class 15	kuthandanile, kuthandanē	okuthandanile, okuthandanē	kuthandanile, kuthandanē	akuthandananga	okungathandananga	kungathandananga
class 17	kuthandanile, kuthandanē	okuthandanile, okuthandanē	kuthandanile, kuthandanē	akuthandananga	okungathandananga	kungathandananga

remote past
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngāthandana	engāthandana	ngāthandana	angithandananga	engingathandananga	ngingathandananga
2nd singular	wāthandana	owāthandana	wāthandana	awuthandananga	ongathandananga	ungathandananga
1st plural	sāthandana	esāthandana	sāthandana	asithandananga	esingathandananga	singathandananga
2nd plural	nāthandana	enāthandana	nāthandana	anithandananga	eningathandananga	ningathandananga
class 1	wāthandana	owāthandana	āthandana	akathandananga	ongathandananga	engathandananga
class 2	bāthandana	abāthandana	bāthandana	abathandananga	abangathandananga	bengathandananga
class 3	wāthandana	owāthandana	wāthandana	awuthandananga	ongathandananga	ungathandananga
class 4	yāthandana	eyāthandana	yāthandana	ayithandananga	engathandananga	ingathandananga
class 5	lāthandana	elāthandana	lāthandana	alithandananga	elingathandananga	lingathandananga
class 6	āthandana	āthandana	āthandana	awathandananga	angathandananga	engathandananga
class 7	sāthandana	esāthandana	sāthandana	asithandananga	esingathandananga	singathandananga
class 8	zāthandana	ezāthandana	zāthandana	azithandananga	ezingathandananga	zingathandananga
class 9	yāthandana	eyāthandana	yāthandana	ayithandananga	engathandananga	ingathandananga
class 10	zāthandana	ezāthandana	zāthandana	azithandananga	ezingathandananga	zingathandananga
class 11	lwāthandana	olwāthandana	lwāthandana	aluthandananga	olungathandananga	lungathandananga
class 14	bāthandana	obāthandana	bāthandana	abuthandananga	obungathandananga	bungathandananga
class 15	kwāthandana	okwāthandana	kwāthandana	akuthandananga	okungathandananga	kungathandananga
class 17	kwāthandana	okwāthandana	kwāthandana	akuthandananga	okungathandananga	kungathandananga

potential
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngingathandana	—	ngingathandana	ngingethandane	—	ngingethandane
2nd singular	ungathandana	—	ungathandana	ungethandane	—	ungethandane
1st plural	singathandana	—	singathandana	singethandane	—	singethandane
2nd plural	ningathandana	—	ningathandana	ningethandane	—	ningethandane
class 1	angathandana	—	engathandana	angethandane	—	engethandane
class 2	bangathandana	—	bengathandana	bangethandane	—	bengethandane
class 3	ungathandana	—	ungathandana	ungethandane	—	ungethandane
class 4	ingathandana	—	ingathandana	ingethandane	—	ingethandane
class 5	lingathandana	—	lingathandana	lingethandane	—	lingethandane
class 6	angathandana	—	engathandana	angethandane	—	engethandane
class 7	singathandana	—	singathandana	singethandane	—	singethandane
class 8	zingathandana	—	zingathandana	zingethandane	—	zingethandane
class 9	ingathandana	—	ingathandana	ingethandane	—	ingethandane
class 10	zingathandana	—	zingathandana	zingethandane	—	zingethandane
class 11	lungathandana	—	lungathandana	lungethandane	—	lungethandane
class 14	bungathandana	—	bungathandana	bungethandane	—	bungethandane
class 15	kungathandana	—	kungathandana	kungethandane	—	kungethandane
class 17	kungathandana	—	kungathandana	kungethandane	—	kungethandane

immediate future
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngizothandana	engizothandana	ngizothandana	angizuthandana	engingezuthandana	ngingezuthandana
2nd singular	uzothandana	ozothandana	uzothandana	awuzuthandana	ongezuthandana	ungezuthandana
1st plural	sizothandana	esizothandana	sizothandana	asizuthandana	esingezuthandana	singezuthandana
2nd plural	nizothandana	enizothandana	nizothandana	anizuthandana	eningezuthandana	ningezuthandana
class 1	uzothandana	ozothandana	ezothandana	akazuthandana	ongezuthandana	engezuthandana
class 2	bazothandana	abazothandana	bezothandana	abazuthandana	abangezuthandana	bengezuthandana
class 3	uzothandana	ozothandana	uzothandana	awuzuthandana	ongezuthandana	ungezuthandana
class 4	izothandana	ezothandana	izothandana	ayizuthandana	engezuthandana	ingezuthandana
class 5	lizothandana	elizothandana	lizothandana	alizuthandana	elingezuthandana	lingezuthandana
class 6	azothandana	azothandana	ezothandana	awazuthandana	angezuthandana	engezuthandana
class 7	sizothandana	esizothandana	sizothandana	asizuthandana	esingezuthandana	singezuthandana
class 8	zizothandana	ezizothandana	zizothandana	azizuthandana	ezingezuthandana	zingezuthandana
class 9	izothandana	ezothandana	izothandana	ayizuthandana	engezuthandana	ingezuthandana
class 10	zizothandana	ezizothandana	zizothandana	azizuthandana	ezingezuthandana	zingezuthandana
class 11	luzothandana	oluzothandana	luzothandana	aluzuthandana	olungezuthandana	lungezuthandana
class 14	buzothandana	obuzothandana	buzothandana	abuzuthandana	obungezuthandana	bungezuthandana
class 15	kuzothandana	okuzothandana	kuzothandana	akuzuthandana	okungezuthandana	kungezuthandana
class 17	kuzothandana	okuzothandana	kuzothandana	akuzuthandana	okungezuthandana	kungezuthandana

remote future
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiyothandana	engiyothandana	ngiyothandana	angiyuthandana	engingeyuthandana	ngingeyuthandana
2nd singular	uyothandana	oyothandana	uyothandana	awuyuthandana	ongeyuthandana	ungeyuthandana
1st plural	siyothandana	esiyothandana	siyothandana	asiyuthandana	esingeyuthandana	singeyuthandana
2nd plural	niyothandana	eniyothandana	niyothandana	aniyuthandana	eningeyuthandana	ningeyuthandana
class 1	uyothandana	oyothandana	eyothandana	akayuthandana	ongeyuthandana	engeyuthandana
class 2	bayothandana	abayothandana	beyothandana	abayuthandana	abangeyuthandana	bengeyuthandana
class 3	uyothandana	oyothandana	uyothandana	awuyuthandana	ongeyuthandana	ungeyuthandana
class 4	iyothandana	eyothandana	iyothandana	ayiyuthandana	engeyuthandana	ingeyuthandana
class 5	liyothandana	eliyothandana	liyothandana	aliyuthandana	elingeyuthandana	lingeyuthandana
class 6	ayothandana	ayothandana	eyothandana	awayuthandana	angeyuthandana	engeyuthandana
class 7	siyothandana	esiyothandana	siyothandana	asiyuthandana	esingeyuthandana	singeyuthandana
class 8	ziyothandana	eziyothandana	ziyothandana	aziyuthandana	ezingeyuthandana	zingeyuthandana
class 9	iyothandana	eyothandana	iyothandana	ayiyuthandana	engeyuthandana	ingeyuthandana
class 10	ziyothandana	eziyothandana	ziyothandana	aziyuthandana	ezingeyuthandana	zingeyuthandana
class 11	luyothandana	oluyothandana	luyothandana	aluyuthandana	olungeyuthandana	lungeyuthandana
class 14	buyothandana	obuyothandana	buyothandana	abuyuthandana	obungeyuthandana	bungeyuthandana
class 15	kuyothandana	okuyothandana	kuyothandana	akuyuthandana	okungeyuthandana	kungeyuthandana
class 17	kuyothandana	okuyothandana	kuyothandana	akuyuthandana	okungeyuthandana	kungeyuthandana

present subjunctive
	positive	negative
1st singular	ngithandane	ngingathandani
2nd singular	uthandane	ungathandani
1st plural	sithandane	singathandani
2nd plural	nithandane	ningathandani
class 1	athandane	angathandani
class 2	bathandane	bangathandani
class 3	uthandane	ungathandani
class 4	ithandane	ingathandani
class 5	lithandane	lingathandani
class 6	athandane	angathandani
class 7	sithandane	singathandani
class 8	zithandane	zingathandani
class 9	ithandane	ingathandani
class 10	zithandane	zingathandani
class 11	luthandane	lungathandani
class 14	buthandane	bungathandani
class 15	kuthandane	kungathandani
class 17	kuthandane	kungathandani

past subjunctive
	positive	negative
1st singular	ngathandana	ngangathandana, angathandana, angangathandana
2nd singular	wathandana	wangathandana, awathandana, awangathandana
1st plural	sathandana	sangathandana, asathandana, asangathandana
2nd plural	nathandana	nangathandana, anathandana, anangathandana
class 1	wathandana	wangathandana, akathandana, akangathandana
class 2	bathandana	bangathandana, abathandana, abangathandana
class 3	wathandana	wangathandana, awathandana, awangathandana
class 4	yathandana	yangathandana, ayathandana, ayangathandana
class 5	lathandana	langathandana, alathandana, alangathandana
class 6	athandana	angathandana, awathandana, awangathandana
class 7	sathandana	sangathandana, asathandana, asangathandana
class 8	zathandana	zangathandana, azathandana, azangathandana
class 9	yathandana	yangathandana, ayathandana, ayangathandana
class 10	zathandana	zangathandana, azathandana, azangathandana
class 11	lwathandana	lwangathandana, alwathandana, alwangathandana
class 14	bathandana	bangathandana, abathandana, abangathandana
class 15	kwathandana	kwangathandana, akwathandana, akwangathandana
class 17	kwathandana	kwangathandana, akwathandana, akwangathandana

References

C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “thanda”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “thanda”