swꜥb

Egyptian

Etymology

s- (causative prefix) +‎ wꜥb (“to be clean”).

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /sɛwɑːb/
  • Conventional anglicization: sewab

Verb

 caus. 3-lit.

1. (transitive) to clean, to purify

Inflection

Conjugation of swꜥb (causative triliteral / caus. 3-lit. / caus. 3rad.) — base stem: swꜥb

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural swꜥb swꜥbw, swꜥb swꜥbt swꜥb swꜥb ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 swꜥb ḥr swꜥb m swꜥb r swꜥb suffix conjugation aspect / mood active passive contingent aspect / mood active passive perfect swꜥb.n swꜥbw, swꜥb consecutive swꜥb.jn active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 terminative swꜥbt perfective3 swꜥb active + .tj1, .tw2 obligative1 swꜥb.ḫr active + .tj1, .tw2 imperfective swꜥb active + .tj1, .tw2 prospective3 swꜥbw, swꜥb, swꜥby swꜥbw, swꜥb, swꜥby potentialis1 swꜥb.kꜣ active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 subjunctive swꜥb active + .tj1, .tw2 verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active passive active passive perfect swꜥb.n active + .tj1, .tw2 — — perfective swꜥb active + .tj1, .tw2 swꜥb swꜥb, swꜥbw5, swꜥby5 imperfective swꜥb, swꜥby, swꜥbw5 active + .tj1, .tw2 swꜥb, swꜥbj6, swꜥby6 swꜥb, swꜥbw5 prospective swꜥb, swꜥbtj7 — swꜥbwtj1 4, swꜥbtj4, swꜥbt4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine.

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 250.
• Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 93