suruh
Appearance
Indonesian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Malay suruh, from Proto-Malayic *suruh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suʀuq, from Proto-Austronesian *suʀuq.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈsuruh/ [ˈsu.rʊh]
- Rhymes: -uruh
- Syllabification: su‧ruh
Verb
[edit]suruh
- (transitive) to order (to issue a command to)
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of suruh (meng-, intransitive) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Root | suruh | ||||
Active | Involuntary | Passive | Basic / Imperative |
Emphatic / Jussive | |
Active | menyuruh | tersuruh | disuruh | suruh | suruhlah |
Locative | menyuruhi | tersuruhi | disuruhi | suruhi | suruhilah |
Causative / Applicative1 | menyuruhkan | tersuruhkan | disuruhkan | suruhkan | suruhkanlah |
Causative | |||||
Active | mempersuruh | terpersuruh | dipersuruh | persuruh | persuruhlah |
Locative | mempersuruhi | terpersuruhi | dipersuruhi | persuruhi | persuruhilah |
Causative / Applicative1 | mempersuruhkan | terpersuruhkan | dipersuruhkan | persuruhkan | persuruhkanlah |
1The -kan row is either causative or applicative, with transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning. Notes: Some of these forms do normally not exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning. |
Derived terms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- “suruh” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
- Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*suRuq”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI
Malay
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Austronesian *suʀuq (“to call on a person to do something”). Compare Tagalog sugo.
First attested in the Kota Kapur inscription, 686 CE, as Old Malay [script needed] (suruḥ).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]suruh (Jawi spelling سوروه)
- to order someone to do something
- Ayah saya menyuruh saya minta maaf sebab mencuri duit kamu.
- My dad ordered me to apologise for stealing your money.
Derived terms
[edit]Affixed terms and other derivations
Regular affixed derivations:
- penyuruh [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
- pesuruh (“one who is ordered to do something”) [passive / name of profession] (pe-)
- suruhan (“one who is ordered to do something; obligation; act of ordering someone to do something”) [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
- menyuruh [agent focus] (meN-)
- menyuruhkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
- disuruh [patient focus] (di-)
- disuruhkan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
- tersuruh [agentless action] (teR-)
- bersuruh [stative / habitual] (beR-)
Further reading
[edit]- “suruh” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Categories:
- Indonesian terms inherited from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Malay
- Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayic
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayic
- Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Indonesian 2-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Indonesian/uruh
- Rhymes:Indonesian/uruh/2 syllables
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian verbs
- Indonesian transitive verbs
- Indonesian meng- verbs
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayic
- Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayic
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Malay terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Malay terms with IPA pronunciation
- Malay 2-syllable words
- Rhymes:Malay/ruh
- Rhymes:Malay/uh
- Malay lemmas
- Malay verbs
- Malay verbs without transitivity
- Malay terms with usage examples