stochen
German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Attested since the 16th century. In the 15th already the derivative Stogker (“stoker”). This gk-spelling as well the late attestations suggest an adapted borrowing from Middle Low German stōken, from Proto-West Germanic *stokōn, whence Dutch stoken, English stoke. However, Central Franconian dialects show descendants of this which appear to be native (compare Luxembourgish stachen), so it is also possible that the verb was inherited in northern Central German through Middle High German *stochen and later reinforced by Low German. The simplex did not establish itself in written German, but the frequentative stochern (“to poke”) did.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]stochen (weak, third-person singular present stocht, past tense stochte, past participle gestocht, auxiliary haben)
- (rare or regional) to stoke, stir (fire)
- 1941, “Lehm”, in Josef Müller, editor, Rheinisches Wörterbuch[1], Bonn, containing the gerund Feuerstochen n from das Feuer stochen, italics in original:
- Früher verwandte man im Rip[uarischen], Nfrk [Niederfränkischen] (noch in Aach[en], SNfrk [Südniederfränkisch]) zum Feuerstochen dat Gedecks, das aus Kohlenstaub (Gris) u. Lehm, mit Wasser angemengt, besteht.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | stochen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | stochend | ||||
past participle | gestocht | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich stoche | wir stochen | i | ich stoche | wir stochen |
du stochst | ihr stocht | du stochest | ihr stochet | ||
er stocht | sie stochen | er stoche | sie stochen | ||
preterite | ich stochte | wir stochten | ii | ich stochte1 | wir stochten1 |
du stochtest | ihr stochtet | du stochtest1 | ihr stochtet1 | ||
er stochte | sie stochten | er stochte1 | sie stochten1 | ||
imperative | stoch (du) stoche (du) |
stocht (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
[edit]- German terms borrowed from Middle Low German
- German terms derived from Middle Low German
- German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German 2-syllable words
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- German lemmas
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- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
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