spryngen

Middle English

Alternative forms

• spring, springe, springen, springgen, springuen, sprinke, spryng, sprynge, spryngge, sprynggyn, sprynghe
• sprinken (Early Middle English)

Etymology

Inherited from Old English springan, from Proto-West Germanic *springan, from Proto-Germanic *springaną; equivalent to spryng +‎ -en (infinitival suffix). Compare sprengen.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsprinɡən/, /ˈsprinkən/

Verb

spryngen (third-person singular simple present spryngeth, present participle spryngynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative sprang, past participle sprongen)

1. To spring (burst forth, shoot out):
   1. To issue or gush (water from a water source)
   2. (of plants) To grow, sprout, or bear fruit or flowers.
2. (by extension) To grow, emerge or develop:
   1. (of the sun) To rise; to emerge or appear.
   2. (of waves) To overflow or flood; to utterly envelop.
3. To move with great speed or energy; to dash:
   1. To spring (jump with great speed or energy).
   2. To shoot or spurt out; to emerge suddenly and quickly.
   3. To spring back; to return from a force.
4. To become or cause to become diffused; to spread.
   1. To become or cause to become known or disseminated.
   2. To establish or normalise; to become or make normal.
   3. To sprinkle or asperse; to spread in small drops or bits.
5. To happen or occur; to come to be.
6. To break into pieces; to fall apart.
7. (rare, of the heart) To skip a beat.
8. (rare) To promote or honour; to make exalted.

Conjugation

Conjugation of spryngen (strong class 3)

infinitive	(to) spryngen, sprynge
	present tense	past tense
1st-person singular	sprynge	sprang
2nd-person singular	spryngest	sprange, sprange, sprang
3rd-person singular	spryngeth	sprang
subjunctive singular	sprynge	sprange1, sprange1
imperative singular		—
plural2	spryngen, sprynge	sprangen, sprange, sprangen, sprange
imperative plural	spryngeth, sprynge	—
participles	spryngynge, spryngende	sprongen, spronge, ysprongen, yspronge

¹ Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
² Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Related terms

• sprengen
• spryng

Descendants

• English: spring; sprink
• Scots: spring

References

• “springen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.