snfr

Egyptian

Etymology

s- (causative prefix) +‎ nfr (“to be pleasing or beautiful”).

Pronunciation

(modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /sɛnɛfɛr/
- Conventional anglicization: senefer

Verb

caus. 3-lit.

(transitive) to beautify, to embellish
(transitive) to improve or complete

Inflection

Conjugation of snfr (causative triliteral / caus. 3-lit. / caus. 3rad.) — base stem: snfr

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
snfr	snfrw, snfr	snfrt	snfr	snfr

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
snfr	ḥr snfr	m snfr	r snfr

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
aspect / mood	active	passive	aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	snfr.n	snfrw, snfr	consecutive	snfr.jn	active + .tj¹, .tw²
perfect	snfr.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²
terminative	snfrt
perfective³	snfr	active + .tj¹, .tw²	obligative¹	snfr.ḫr	active + .tj¹, .tw²
imperfective	snfr	active + .tj¹, .tw²	obligative¹	snfr.ḫr	active + .tj¹, .tw²
prospective³	snfrw, snfr, snfry	snfrw, snfr, snfry	potentialis¹	snfr.kꜣ	active + .tj¹, .tw²
prospective³	snfrw, snfr, snfry	active + .tj¹, .tw²
subjunctive	snfr	active + .tj¹, .tw²

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
aspect / mood	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	snfr.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²	—	—
perfective	snfr	active + .tj¹, .tw²	snfr	snfr, snfrw⁵, snfry⁵
imperfective	snfr, snfry, snfrw⁵	active + .tj¹, .tw²	snfr, snfrj⁶, snfry⁶	snfr, snfrw⁵
prospective	snfr, snfrtj⁷	—	snfrwtj^{1 4}, snfrtj⁴, snfrt⁴

¹ Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
² Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
³ Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
⁴ Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. ⁵ Only in the masculine singular.
⁶ Only in the masculine.
⁷ Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of snfr

snfr

Derived terms

References

Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1930) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 4, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 163.1–163.13
Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 232