sfḫḫ

Egyptian

Etymology

s- (causative prefix) +‎ fḫḫ (“to loosen”), itself a reduplication of fḫ (“to loosen, to give up”).

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /sɛfɛxɛx/
  • Conventional anglicization: sefekhekh

Verb

 caus. 2ae gem.

1. (transitive) to loosen

Inflection

Conjugation of sfḫḫ (causative second geminate / caus. 2ae gem. / caus. II. gem.) — base stem: sfḫ, geminated stem: sfḫḫ

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural sfḫḫ sfḫḫ sfḫḫt sfḫḫ sfḫḫ ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 sfḫḫ ḥr sfḫḫ m sfḫḫ r sfḫḫ suffix conjugation aspect / mood active passive contingent aspect / mood active passive perfect sfḫḫ.n sfḫḫw, sfḫḫ consecutive sfḫḫ.jn active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 terminative sfḫḫt perfective3 sfḫḫ active + .tj1, .tw2 obligative1 sfḫḫ.ḫr active + .tj1, .tw2 imperfective sfḫḫ active + .tj1, .tw2 prospective3 sfḫḫw, sfḫḫ, sfḫḫy sfḫḫw, sfḫḫ, sfḫḫy potentialis1 sfḫḫ.kꜣ active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 subjunctive sfḫḫ active + .tj1, .tw2 verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active passive active passive perfect sfḫḫ.n active + .tj1, .tw2 — — perfective sfḫḫ active + .tj1, .tw2 — — imperfective sfḫḫ, sfḫḫy, sfḫḫw5 active + .tj1, .tw2 sfḫḫ, sfḫḫj6, sfḫḫy6 sfḫḫ, sfḫḫw5 prospective sfḫḫ, sfḫḫtj7 — sfḫḫwtj1 4, sfḫḫtj4, sfḫḫt4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine.

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 162.