schmarotzen
Appearance
German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]15th c. Middle High German smorotzen (“to beg”), further origin unclear; whether or not the word is from Rotwelsch (thieves’ cant) cannot be proven with certainty. Possibly a blend of schnorren (“to beg”) and late Middle High German mutzen (“to cut off, trim”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]schmarotzen (weak, third-person singular present schmarotzt, past tense schmarotzte, past participle schmarotzt, auxiliary haben)
- (intransitive) to sponge, to freeload
- (intransitive, biology) to parasitize
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | schmarotzen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | schmarotzend | ||||
past participle | schmarotzt | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich schmarotze | wir schmarotzen | i | ich schmarotze | wir schmarotzen |
du schmarotzt | ihr schmarotzt | du schmarotzest | ihr schmarotzet | ||
er schmarotzt | sie schmarotzen | er schmarotze | sie schmarotzen | ||
preterite | ich schmarotzte | wir schmarotzten | ii | ich schmarotzte1 | wir schmarotzten1 |
du schmarotztest | ihr schmarotztet | du schmarotztest1 | ihr schmarotztet1 | ||
er schmarotzte | sie schmarotzten | er schmarotzte1 | sie schmarotzten1 | ||
imperative | schmarotz (du) schmarotze (du) |
schmarotzt (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Wolfgang Pfeifer, editor (1993), “schmarotzen”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Deutschen (in German), 2nd edition, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN
Further reading
[edit]- “schmarotzen” in Duden online
- “schmarotzen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “schmarotzen” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.
Categories:
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms with unknown etymologies
- German blends
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio pronunciation
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German weak verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
- German intransitive verbs
- de:Biology