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schinen

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Middle Dutch

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Etymology

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From Old Dutch skīnan, from Proto-West Germanic *skīnan, from Proto-Germanic *skīnaną.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈskiːnən/, /ˈsxiːnən/

Verb

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schinen

  1. to shine
  2. to be visible
  3. to appear, to look, to seem
  4. to become apparent

Inflection

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Strong class 1
Infinitive schinen
3rd sg. past schêen
3rd pl. past schēnen
Past participle geschēnen
Infinitive schinen
In genitive schinens
In dative schinene
Indicative Present Past
1st singular schine schêen
2nd singular schijns, schines schēens, schēnes
3rd singular schijnt, schinet schêen
1st plural schinen schēnen
2nd plural schijnt, schinet schēent, schēnet
3rd plural schinen schēnen
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular schine schēne
2nd singular schijns, schines schēnes
3rd singular schine schēne
1st plural schinen schēnen
2nd plural schijnt, schinet schēnet
3rd plural schinen schēnen
Imperative Present
Singular schijn, schine
Plural schijnt, schinet
Present Past
Participle schinende geschēnen

Descendants

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  • Dutch: schijnen
  • Limburgish: sjiene

Further reading

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Middle English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old English scīnan, from Proto-West Germanic *skīnan, from Proto-Germanic *skīnaną.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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schinen

  1. To emit brightness and lightness; to shine:
    1. To emit light naturally; to be bright (like a lamp)
    2. To emit light inherently; to be light (like a sheet of paper)
    3. To shimmer; to shine due to being glossy, smooth or viscous.
      1. To be reflective or shine due to this reflectivity
      2. To gleam; to shine due to expensive accoutrements.
    4. To shine due to spiritual or mystic power; to shine with holy light.
    5. To shine upon an area, resulting in it becoming lighter.
  2. To stand out; to be notable:
    1. To be respected or well-reputed; to have a good reputation
    2. To be famous or outstanding; to have an excellent reputation.
    3. (rare) To be noticeable or be able to be seen.
    4. (rare) To be apparent or obvious.
    5. (rare) To celebrate.
  3. To have skin that is fair and attractive.
  4. To be holy, free of sins, or righteous.
  5. To be decorated finely and expensively.

Usage notes

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Weak forms are more common in Northern Middle English.

Conjugation

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Conjugation of schinen (strong class 1 or weak in -ed)
infinitive (to) schinen, schine
present tense past tense
1st-person singular schine schon, schined
2nd-person singular schinest schone, schine, schon, schinedest
3rd-person singular schineth schon, schined
subjunctive singular schine schone1, schine1, schined1
imperative singular —
plural2 schinen, schine schonen, schone, schinen, schine, schineden, schinede
imperative plural schineth, schine —
participles schinynge, schinende schinen, schined, yschinen, yschined

1Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

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Descendants

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References

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Middle High German

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old High German skīnan, from Proto-West Germanic *skīnan.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (before 13th CE) /ˈs̠xiːnən/

Verb

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schīnen (class 1 strong, third-person singular present schīnet, past tense schein, past participle geschinen, past subjunctive schine, auxiliary hān)

  1. to shine

Conjugation

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Conjugation of schīnen (class 1 strong, auxiliary hān)
infinitive schīnen
genitive gerund schīnennes
schīnenes
dative gerund schīnenne
schīnene
present participle schīnende
past participle geschinen
auxiliary hān
indicative subjunctive
singular plural singular plural
present ich schīne wir schīnen i ich schīne wir schīnen
du schīnest ir schīnet du schīnest ir schīnet
ër schīnet sie schīnent ër schīne sie schīnen
preterite ich schein wir schinen ii ich schine wir schinen
du schine ir schinet du schinest ir schinet
ër schein sie schinen ër schine sie schinen
imperative schīn (du) schīnet (ir)
Composed forms of schīnen (class 1 strong, auxiliary hān)
perfect
singular plural singular plural
indicative ich hān geschinen wir hān geschinen subjunctive ich habe geschinen wir haben geschinen
du hāst geschinen ir hāt geschinen du habest geschinen ir habet geschinen
ër hāt geschinen sie hānt geschinen ër habe geschinen sie haben geschinen
pluperfect
indicative ich habete geschinen wir habeten geschinen subjunctive ich habete geschinen wir habeten geschinen
du habetest geschinen ir habetet geschinen du habetest geschinen ir habetet geschinen
ër habete geschinen sie habeten geschinen ër habete geschinen sie habeten geschinen
future i
infinitive schīnen süln subjunctive i ich sul schīnen wir suln schīnen
du sule schīnen ir sulet schīnen
ër sul schīnen sie suln schīnen
indicative ich sol schīnen wir sulen schīnen subjunctive ii ich sölte schīnen
ich sölde schīnen 		wir sölten schīnen
wir sölden schīnen
du solt schīnen ir sulet schīnen du söltest schīnen
du söldest schīnen 		ir söltet schīnen
ir söldet schīnen
ër sol schīnen sie sulen schīnen ër sölte schīnen
ër sölde schīnen 		sie sölten schīnen
sie sölden schīnen
future ii
infinitive geschinen hān süln subjunctive i ich sul geschinen hān wir suln geschinen hān
du sule geschinen hān ir sulet geschinen hān
ër sul geschinen hān sie suln geschinen hān
indicative ich sol geschinen hān wir sulen geschinen hān subjunctive ii ich sölte geschinen hān
ich sölde geschinen hān 		wir sölten geschinen hān
wir sölden geschinen hān
du solt geschinen hān ir sulet geschinen hān du söltest geschinen hān
du söldest geschinen hān 		ir söltet geschinen hān
ir söldet geschinen hān
ër sol geschinen hān sie sulen geschinen hān ër sölte geschinen hān
ër sölde geschinen hān 		sie sölten geschinen hān
sie sölden geschinen hān

Descendants

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References

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  • Benecke, Georg Friedrich, Müller, Wilhelm, Zarncke, Friedrich (1863) “schinen”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel
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