schaudern
Appearance
See also: Schaudern
German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Dutch schuderen, schuyderen and/or Middle Low German schōderen, variants (with expressive lengthening?) of Middle Dutch schudderen and Middle Low German schodderen, respectively, themselves iteratives of the verb at hand in German schütten (“to pour”, originally “to shake”, compare schütteln). See English shudder for more.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]schaudern (weak, third-person singular present schaudert, past tense schauderte, past participle geschaudert, auxiliary haben)
- (intransitive) to shudder
- (intransitive) to shiver, especially momentarily as when stepping out from a warm room into the cold
- (transitive, impersonal) to make shudder, to make shiver
Usage notes
[edit]- The impersonal construction is more common: es schaudert mich (“I’m shuddering”, literally “it shudders me”, “it makes me shudder”).
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | schaudern | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | schaudernd | ||||
past participle | geschaudert | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich schaudre ich schaudere ich schauder |
wir schaudern | i | ich schaudere ich schaudre |
wir schaudern |
du schauderst | ihr schaudert | du schauderest du schaudrest |
ihr schauderet ihr schaudret | ||
er schaudert | sie schaudern | er schaudere er schaudre |
sie schaudern | ||
preterite | ich schauderte | wir schauderten | ii | ich schauderte1 | wir schauderten1 |
du schaudertest | ihr schaudertet | du schaudertest1 | ihr schaudertet1 | ||
er schauderte | sie schauderten | er schauderte1 | sie schauderten1 | ||
imperative | schaudre (du) schauder (du) schaudere (du) |
schaudert (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]Categories:
- German terms derived from Middle Dutch
- German terms derived from Middle Low German
- German 2-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio pronunciation
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German weak verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
- German intransitive verbs
- German transitive verbs
- German impersonal verbs