sšd

Egyptian

Pronunciation

(modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /sɛʃɛd/
- Conventional anglicization: seshed

Etymology 1

Noun

m

lightning bolt, thunderbolt [New Kingdom]

Inflection

Declension of *sšd* (masculine)
singular	sšd
dual	sšdwj
plural	sšdw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of sšd

sšd

sšdw

Verb

3-lit.

(intransitive, of stars, lightning, etc.) to flash [New Kingdom]

Inflection

Conjugation of sšd (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: sšd, geminated stem: sšdd

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
sšd	sšdw, sšd	sšdt	sšd	sšd

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
sšd	ḥr sšd	m sšd	r sšd

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
aspect / mood	active	aspect / mood	active
perfect	sšd.n	consecutive	sšd.jn
terminative	sšdt	consecutive	sšd.jn
perfective³	sšd	obligative¹	sšd.ḫr
imperfective	sšd	obligative¹	sšd.ḫr
prospective³	sšd	potentialis¹	sšd.kꜣ
subjunctive	sšd	potentialis¹	sšd.kꜣ

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
aspect / mood	active	active	passive
perfect	sšd.n	—	—
perfective	sšd	sšd	sšd, sšdw⁵, sšdy⁵
imperfective	sšd, sšdy, sšdw⁵	sšd, sšdj⁶, sšdy⁶	sšd, sšdw⁵
prospective	sšd, sšdtj⁷	sšdtj⁴, sšdt⁴

¹ Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
² Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
³ Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
⁴ Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. ⁵ Only in the masculine singular.
⁶ Only in the masculine.
⁷ Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of sšd

sšd

Etymology 2

Noun

m

bandage for wrapping mummies and cultic images; mummy wrappings [since the Pyramid Texts]
medical bandage, bandage for wounds
strip of linen upon which words are to be written in hope of bringing about their efficacy, for example words of magic spells or New Year’s wishes
fillet, headband, typically with two feathers attached [since the Pyramid Texts]

Inflection

Declension of *sšd* (masculine)
singular	sšd
dual	sšdwj
plural	sšdw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of sšd

sšd

sšt

[Old Kingdom]

[New Kingdom]

[Greco-Roman Period]

Verb

3-lit.

(transitive) to adorn with a fillet (+ m: to adorn with, to tie on (an adornment)) [since the Pyramid Texts]

Inflection

Conjugation of sšd (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: sšd, geminated stem: sšdd

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
sšd	sšdw, sšd	sšdt	sšd	sšd

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
sšd	ḥr sšd	m sšd	r sšd

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
aspect / mood	active	passive	aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	sšd.n	sšdw, sšd	consecutive	sšd.jn	active + .tj¹, .tw²
perfect	sšd.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²
terminative	sšdt
perfective³	sšd	active + .tj¹, .tw²	obligative¹	sšd.ḫr	active + .tj¹, .tw²
imperfective	sšd	active + .tj¹, .tw²	obligative¹	sšd.ḫr	active + .tj¹, .tw²
prospective³	sšd	sšdd	potentialis¹	sšd.kꜣ	active + .tj¹, .tw²
prospective³	sšd	active + .tj¹, .tw²
subjunctive	sšd	active + .tj¹, .tw²

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
aspect / mood	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	sšd.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²	—	—
perfective	sšd	active + .tj¹, .tw²	sšd	sšd, sšdw⁵, sšdy⁵
imperfective	sšd, sšdy, sšdw⁵	active + .tj¹, .tw²	sšd, sšdj⁶, sšdy⁶	sšd, sšdw⁵
prospective	sšd, sšdtj⁷	—	sšdtj⁴, sšdt⁴

¹ Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
² Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
³ Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
⁴ Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. ⁵ Only in the masculine singular.
⁶ Only in the masculine.
⁷ Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of sšd

sšd

[Old Kingdom]

Etymology 3

Noun

m

(Late Egyptian) window
(Late Egyptian) particularly, the magnificent window of the royal palace where the king makes public appearances

Inflection

Declension of *sšd* (masculine)
singular	sšd
dual	sšdwj
plural	sšdw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of sšd

sšd

Descendants

Demotic: ššṱ, ššt, ššte, sšṱ
- Akhmimic Coptic: ϣⲱϣⲧ (šōšt)
- Bohairic Coptic: ϣⲟⲩϣⲧ (šoušt)
- Lycopolitan Coptic: ϣⲟⲩϣⲧ (šoušt)
- Sahidic Coptic: ϣⲟⲩϣⲧ̄ (šoušt̄), ϣⲱϣⲧ (šōšt)

References

“sšd (lemma ID 145830)”, “sšd (lemma ID 145840)”, “sšd (lemma ID 145860)”, “sšd (lemma ID 145870)”, and “sšd (lemma ID 145880)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎^[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1930) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[2], volume 4, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 300.7–300.12, 301.3–301.10, 301.12–302.5
Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 249