rjóða

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *reudaną, cognate with Old English rēodan. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”).

Verb

rjóða (singular past indicative rauð, plural past indicative ruðu, past participle roðinn)

1. to redden
   • 9th c., Þjóðólfr of Hvinir, Ynglingatal, verse 5:

     Hitt vas fyrr, / at fold ruðu
     sverðberendr / sínum dróttni. […]

     It happened before, / that the sword-bearers
     reddened the ground / with [the blood of] their lord. […]

Conjugation

Conjugation of rjóða — active (strong class 2)

infinitive	rjóða
present participle	rjóðandi
past participle	roðinn
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	rýð	rauð
2nd-person singular	rýðr	rautt
3rd-person singular	rýðr	rauð
1st-person plural	rjóðum	ruðum
2nd-person plural	rjóðið	ruðuð
3rd-person plural	rjóða	ruðu
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	rjóða	ryða
2nd-person singular	rjóðir	ryðir
3rd-person singular	rjóði	ryði
1st-person plural	rjóðim	ryðim
2nd-person plural	rjóðið	ryðið
3rd-person plural	rjóði	ryði
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	rjóð
1st-person plural	rjóðum
2nd-person plural	rjóðið

Conjugation of rjóða — mediopassive (strong class 2)

infinitive	rjóðask
present participle	rjóðandisk
past participle	roðizk
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	rjóðumk	ruðumk
2nd-person singular	rýzk	rauzk
3rd-person singular	rýzk	rauzk
1st-person plural	rjóðumsk	ruðumsk
2nd-person plural	rjóðizk	ruðuzk
3rd-person plural	rjóðask	ruðusk
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	rjóðumk	ryðumk
2nd-person singular	rjóðisk	ryðisk
3rd-person singular	rjóðisk	ryðisk
1st-person plural	rjóðimsk	ryðimsk
2nd-person plural	rjóðizk	ryðizk
3rd-person plural	rjóðisk	ryðisk
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	rjózk
1st-person plural	rjóðumsk
2nd-person plural	rjóðizk

Related terms

• rauðr
• reyða
• rjóðr

References

• rjóða in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.