raudus

Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrɑu̯dus/, [ˈrɑ̝u̯dus̠]
• Rhymes: -ɑudus
• Hyphenation^(key): rau‧dus

Noun

raudus

1. Clipping of rauduskoivu.

Declension

Inflection of raudus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
nominative		raudus	raudukset
genitive		rauduksen	raudusten rauduksien
partitive		raudusta	rauduksia
illative		raudukseen	rauduksiin
		singular	plural
nominative		raudus	raudukset
accusative	nom.	raudus	raudukset
	gen.	rauduksen
genitive		rauduksen	raudusten rauduksien
partitive		raudusta	rauduksia
inessive		rauduksessa	rauduksissa
elative		rauduksesta	rauduksista
illative		raudukseen	rauduksiin
adessive		rauduksella	rauduksilla
ablative		raudukselta	rauduksilta
allative		raudukselle	rauduksille
essive		rauduksena	rauduksina
translative		raudukseksi	rauduksiksi
abessive		rauduksetta	rauduksitta
instructive		—	rauduksin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of raudus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative raudukseni raudukseni accusative nom. raudukseni raudukseni gen. raudukseni genitive raudukseni raudusteni rauduksieni partitive raudustani rauduksiani inessive rauduksessani rauduksissani elative rauduksestani rauduksistani illative raudukseeni rauduksiini adessive rauduksellani rauduksillani ablative raudukseltani rauduksiltani allative raudukselleni rauduksilleni essive rauduksenani rauduksinani translative rauduksekseni rauduksikseni abessive rauduksettani rauduksittani instructive — — comitative — rauduksineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative rauduksesi rauduksesi accusative nom. rauduksesi rauduksesi gen. rauduksesi genitive rauduksesi raudustesi rauduksiesi partitive raudustasi rauduksiasi inessive rauduksessasi rauduksissasi elative rauduksestasi rauduksistasi illative raudukseesi rauduksiisi adessive rauduksellasi rauduksillasi ablative raudukseltasi rauduksiltasi allative rauduksellesi rauduksillesi essive rauduksenasi rauduksinasi translative raudukseksesi rauduksiksesi abessive rauduksettasi rauduksittasi instructive — — comitative — rauduksinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative rauduksemme rauduksemme accusative nom. rauduksemme rauduksemme gen. rauduksemme genitive rauduksemme raudustemme rauduksiemme partitive raudustamme rauduksiamme inessive rauduksessamme rauduksissamme elative rauduksestamme rauduksistamme illative raudukseemme rauduksiimme adessive rauduksellamme rauduksillamme ablative raudukseltamme rauduksiltamme allative rauduksellemme rauduksillemme essive rauduksenamme rauduksinamme translative raudukseksemme rauduksiksemme abessive rauduksettamme rauduksittamme instructive — — comitative — rauduksinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative rauduksenne rauduksenne accusative nom. rauduksenne rauduksenne gen. rauduksenne genitive rauduksenne raudustenne rauduksienne partitive raudustanne rauduksianne inessive rauduksessanne rauduksissanne elative rauduksestanne rauduksistanne illative raudukseenne rauduksiinne adessive rauduksellanne rauduksillanne ablative raudukseltanne rauduksiltanne allative rauduksellenne rauduksillenne essive rauduksenanne rauduksinanne translative raudukseksenne rauduksiksenne abessive rauduksettanne rauduksittanne instructive — — comitative — rauduksinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative rauduksensa rauduksensa accusative nom. rauduksensa rauduksensa gen. rauduksensa genitive rauduksensa raudustensa rauduksiensa partitive raudustaan raudustansa rauduksiaan rauduksiansa inessive rauduksessaan rauduksessansa rauduksissaan rauduksissansa elative rauduksestaan rauduksestansa rauduksistaan rauduksistansa illative raudukseensa rauduksiinsa adessive rauduksellaan rauduksellansa rauduksillaan rauduksillansa ablative raudukseltaan raudukseltansa rauduksiltaan rauduksiltansa allative raudukselleen rauduksellensa rauduksilleen rauduksillensa essive rauduksenaan rauduksenansa rauduksinaan rauduksinansa translative rauduksekseen raudukseksensa rauduksikseen rauduksiksensa abessive rauduksettaan rauduksettansa rauduksittaan rauduksittansa instructive — — comitative — rauduksineen rauduksinensa

Latin

Alternative forms

• rōdus
• rūdus

Etymology

Uncertain. Traditionally derived from either of the Proto-Indo-European roots *(h₃)rew-d- (“to tear up, dig up”) or *gʰrew-d- (“gravel, stone”), along with rūdus (“debris, rubble”) and rudis (“rough, raw”); modern scholars however tend to deem this phonetically impossible. Rather, to be considered a substrate word and compared with Proto-West Germanic *arut (“ore”), along with perhaps Sumerian 𒍏 (urud, “copper”); this latter theory is supported by Kroonen. De Vaan, on the other hand, considers this a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”), albeit loaned from a likely-extinct Indo-European branch.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈrau̯.dus/, [ˈräu̯d̪ʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈrau̯.dus/, [ˈräːu̯d̪us]

Noun

raudus n (genitive raudoris); third declension

1. a rude mass, a rough piece, a lump, especially of metal or ore
2. (particularly) a piece of brass or bronze
3. (especially) a piece of brass or bronze used as a coin
4. (figuratively) a brass or bronze coin

Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

	singular	plural
nominative	raudus	raudera
genitive	rauderis	rauderum
dative	rauderī	rauderibus
accusative	raudus	raudera
ablative	raudere	rauderibus
vocative	raudus	raudera

Derived terms

• raudusculus

Further reading

• “raudus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• raudus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Latvian

Noun

raudus m

1. (dialectal) accusative plural of rauds

Adjective

raudus

1. (dialectal) accusative plural masculine of rauds