raffiner

French

Etymology

From re- +‎ affiner.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁa.fi.ne/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

raffiner

1. to refine
2. to rarefy

Conjugation

Conjugation of raffiner (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	raffiner
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	raffinant /ʁa.fi.nɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		raffiné /ʁa.fi.ne/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	raffine /ʁa.fin/	raffines /ʁa.fin/	raffine /ʁa.fin/	raffinons /ʁa.fi.nɔ̃/	raffinez /ʁa.fi.ne/	raffinent /ʁa.fin/
	imperfect	raffinais /ʁa.fi.nɛ/	raffinais /ʁa.fi.nɛ/	raffinait /ʁa.fi.nɛ/	raffinions /ʁa.fi.njɔ̃/	raffiniez /ʁa.fi.nje/	raffinaient /ʁa.fi.nɛ/
	past historic2	raffinai /ʁa.fi.ne/	raffinas /ʁa.fi.na/	raffina /ʁa.fi.na/	raffinâmes /ʁa.fi.nam/	raffinâtes /ʁa.fi.nat/	raffinèrent /ʁa.fi.nɛʁ/
	future	raffinerai /ʁa.fin.ʁe/	raffineras /ʁa.fin.ʁa/	raffinera /ʁa.fin.ʁa/	raffinerons /ʁa.fin.ʁɔ̃/	raffinerez /ʁa.fin.ʁe/	raffineront /ʁa.fin.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	raffinerais /ʁa.fin.ʁɛ/	raffinerais /ʁa.fin.ʁɛ/	raffinerait /ʁa.fin.ʁɛ/	raffinerions /ʁa.fi.nə.ʁjɔ̃/	raffineriez /ʁa.fi.nə.ʁje/	raffineraient /ʁa.fin.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	raffine /ʁa.fin/	raffines /ʁa.fin/	raffine /ʁa.fin/	raffinions /ʁa.fi.njɔ̃/	raffiniez /ʁa.fi.nje/	raffinent /ʁa.fin/
	imperfect2	raffinasse /ʁa.fi.nas/	raffinasses /ʁa.fi.nas/	raffinât /ʁa.fi.na/	raffinassions /ʁa.fi.na.sjɔ̃/	raffinassiez /ʁa.fi.na.sje/	raffinassent /ʁa.fi.nas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	raffine /ʁa.fin/	—	raffinons /ʁa.fi.nɔ̃/	raffinez /ʁa.fi.ne/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

• raffinage
• raffinerie

Further reading

• “raffiner”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

raffiner

1. imperative of raffinere