qotha

Zulu

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-qotha^?

1. (transitive) to pulverise, to grind into powder

Inflection

Tone H
Infinitive	ukuqotha
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukuqotha	ukungaqothi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	qotha	-qothe
Plural	qothani	-qotheni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyaqotha, ngiqotha	engiqothayo, engiqotha	ngiqotha	angiqothi	engingaqothi	ngingaqothi
2nd singular	uyaqotha, uqotha	oqothayo, oqotha	uqotha	awuqothi	ongaqothi	ungaqothi
1st plural	siyaqotha, siqotha	esiqothayo, esiqotha	siqotha	asiqothi	esingaqothi	singaqothi
2nd plural	niyaqotha, niqotha	eniqothayo, eniqotha	niqotha	aniqothi	eningaqothi	ningaqothi
Class 1	uyaqotha, uqotha	oqothayo, oqotha	eqotha	akaqothi	ongaqothi	engaqothi
Class 2	bayaqotha, baqotha	abaqothayo, abaqotha	beqotha	abaqothi	abangaqothi	bengaqothi
Class 3	uyaqotha, uqotha	oqothayo, oqotha	uqotha	awuqothi	ongaqothi	ungaqothi
Class 4	iyaqotha, iqotha	eqothayo, eqotha	iqotha	ayiqothi	engaqothi	ingaqothi
Class 5	liyaqotha, liqotha	eliqothayo, eliqotha	liqotha	aliqothi	elingaqothi	lingaqothi
Class 6	ayaqotha, aqotha	aqothayo, aqotha	eqotha	awaqothi	angaqothi	engaqothi
Class 7	siyaqotha, siqotha	esiqothayo, esiqotha	siqotha	asiqothi	esingaqothi	singaqothi
Class 8	ziyaqotha, ziqotha	eziqothayo, eziqotha	ziqotha	aziqothi	ezingaqothi	zingaqothi
Class 9	iyaqotha, iqotha	eqothayo, eqotha	iqotha	ayiqothi	engaqothi	ingaqothi
Class 10	ziyaqotha, ziqotha	eziqothayo, eziqotha	ziqotha	aziqothi	ezingaqothi	zingaqothi
Class 11	luyaqotha, luqotha	oluqothayo, oluqotha	luqotha	aluqothi	olungaqothi	lungaqothi
Class 14	buyaqotha, buqotha	obuqothayo, obuqotha	buqotha	abuqothi	obungaqothi	bungaqothi
Class 15	kuyaqotha, kuqotha	okuqothayo, okuqotha	kuqotha	akuqothi	okungaqothi	kungaqothi
Class 17	kuyaqotha, kuqotha	okuqothayo, okuqotha	kuqotha	akuqothi	okungaqothi	kungaqothi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiqothile, ngiqothē	engiqothile, engiqothē	ngiqothile, ngiqothē	angiqothanga	engingaqothanga	ngingaqothanga
2nd singular	uqothile, uqothē	oqothile, oqothē	uqothile, uqothē	awuqothanga	ongaqothanga	ungaqothanga
1st plural	siqothile, siqothē	esiqothile, esiqothē	siqothile, siqothē	asiqothanga	esingaqothanga	singaqothanga
2nd plural	niqothile, niqothē	eniqothile, eniqothē	niqothile, niqothē	aniqothanga	eningaqothanga	ningaqothanga
Class 1	uqothile, uqothē	oqothile, oqothē	eqothile, eqothē	akaqothanga	ongaqothanga	engaqothanga
Class 2	baqothile, baqothē	abaqothile, abaqothē	beqothile, beqothē	abaqothanga	abangaqothanga	bengaqothanga
Class 3	uqothile, uqothē	oqothile, oqothē	uqothile, uqothē	awuqothanga	ongaqothanga	ungaqothanga
Class 4	iqothile, iqothē	eqothile, eqothē	iqothile, iqothē	ayiqothanga	engaqothanga	ingaqothanga
Class 5	liqothile, liqothē	eliqothile, eliqothē	liqothile, liqothē	aliqothanga	elingaqothanga	lingaqothanga
Class 6	aqothile, aqothē	aqothile, aqothē	eqothile, eqothē	awaqothanga	angaqothanga	engaqothanga
Class 7	siqothile, siqothē	esiqothile, esiqothē	siqothile, siqothē	asiqothanga	esingaqothanga	singaqothanga
Class 8	ziqothile, ziqothē	eziqothile, eziqothē	ziqothile, ziqothē	aziqothanga	ezingaqothanga	zingaqothanga
Class 9	iqothile, iqothē	eqothile, eqothē	iqothile, iqothē	ayiqothanga	engaqothanga	ingaqothanga
Class 10	ziqothile, ziqothē	eziqothile, eziqothē	ziqothile, ziqothē	aziqothanga	ezingaqothanga	zingaqothanga
Class 11	luqothile, luqothē	oluqothile, oluqothē	luqothile, luqothē	aluqothanga	olungaqothanga	lungaqothanga
Class 14	buqothile, buqothē	obuqothile, obuqothē	buqothile, buqothē	abuqothanga	obungaqothanga	bungaqothanga
Class 15	kuqothile, kuqothē	okuqothile, okuqothē	kuqothile, kuqothē	akuqothanga	okungaqothanga	kungaqothanga
Class 17	kuqothile, kuqothē	okuqothile, okuqothē	kuqothile, kuqothē	akuqothanga	okungaqothanga	kungaqothanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāqotha	engāqotha	ngāqotha	angiqothanga	engingaqothanga	ngingaqothanga
2nd singular	wāqotha	owāqotha	wāqotha	awuqothanga	ongaqothanga	ungaqothanga
1st plural	sāqotha	esāqotha	sāqotha	asiqothanga	esingaqothanga	singaqothanga
2nd plural	nāqotha	enāqotha	nāqotha	aniqothanga	eningaqothanga	ningaqothanga
Class 1	wāqotha	owāqotha	āqotha	akaqothanga	ongaqothanga	engaqothanga
Class 2	bāqotha	abāqotha	bāqotha	abaqothanga	abangaqothanga	bengaqothanga
Class 3	wāqotha	owāqotha	wāqotha	awuqothanga	ongaqothanga	ungaqothanga
Class 4	yāqotha	eyāqotha	yāqotha	ayiqothanga	engaqothanga	ingaqothanga
Class 5	lāqotha	elāqotha	lāqotha	aliqothanga	elingaqothanga	lingaqothanga
Class 6	āqotha	āqotha	āqotha	awaqothanga	angaqothanga	engaqothanga
Class 7	sāqotha	esāqotha	sāqotha	asiqothanga	esingaqothanga	singaqothanga
Class 8	zāqotha	ezāqotha	zāqotha	aziqothanga	ezingaqothanga	zingaqothanga
Class 9	yāqotha	eyāqotha	yāqotha	ayiqothanga	engaqothanga	ingaqothanga
Class 10	zāqotha	ezāqotha	zāqotha	aziqothanga	ezingaqothanga	zingaqothanga
Class 11	lwāqotha	olwāqotha	lwāqotha	aluqothanga	olungaqothanga	lungaqothanga
Class 14	bāqotha	obāqotha	bāqotha	abuqothanga	obungaqothanga	bungaqothanga
Class 15	kwāqotha	okwāqotha	kwāqotha	akuqothanga	okungaqothanga	kungaqothanga
Class 17	kwāqotha	okwāqotha	kwāqotha	akuqothanga	okungaqothanga	kungaqothanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingaqotha	—	ngingaqotha	ngingeqothe	—	ngingeqothe
2nd singular	ungaqotha	—	ungaqotha	ungeqothe	—	ungeqothe
1st plural	singaqotha	—	singaqotha	singeqothe	—	singeqothe
2nd plural	ningaqotha	—	ningaqotha	ningeqothe	—	ningeqothe
Class 1	angaqotha	—	engaqotha	angeqothe	—	engeqothe
Class 2	bangaqotha	—	bengaqotha	bangeqothe	—	bengeqothe
Class 3	ungaqotha	—	ungaqotha	ungeqothe	—	ungeqothe
Class 4	ingaqotha	—	ingaqotha	ingeqothe	—	ingeqothe
Class 5	lingaqotha	—	lingaqotha	lingeqothe	—	lingeqothe
Class 6	angaqotha	—	engaqotha	angeqothe	—	engeqothe
Class 7	singaqotha	—	singaqotha	singeqothe	—	singeqothe
Class 8	zingaqotha	—	zingaqotha	zingeqothe	—	zingeqothe
Class 9	ingaqotha	—	ingaqotha	ingeqothe	—	ingeqothe
Class 10	zingaqotha	—	zingaqotha	zingeqothe	—	zingeqothe
Class 11	lungaqotha	—	lungaqotha	lungeqothe	—	lungeqothe
Class 14	bungaqotha	—	bungaqotha	bungeqothe	—	bungeqothe
Class 15	kungaqotha	—	kungaqotha	kungeqothe	—	kungeqothe
Class 17	kungaqotha	—	kungaqotha	kungeqothe	—	kungeqothe
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizoqotha	engizoqotha	ngizoqotha	angizuqotha	engingezuqotha	ngingezuqotha
2nd singular	uzoqotha	ozoqotha	uzoqotha	awuzuqotha	ongezuqotha	ungezuqotha
1st plural	sizoqotha	esizoqotha	sizoqotha	asizuqotha	esingezuqotha	singezuqotha
2nd plural	nizoqotha	enizoqotha	nizoqotha	anizuqotha	eningezuqotha	ningezuqotha
Class 1	uzoqotha	ozoqotha	ezoqotha	akazuqotha	ongezuqotha	engezuqotha
Class 2	bazoqotha	abazoqotha	bezoqotha	abazuqotha	abangezuqotha	bengezuqotha
Class 3	uzoqotha	ozoqotha	uzoqotha	awuzuqotha	ongezuqotha	ungezuqotha
Class 4	izoqotha	ezoqotha	izoqotha	ayizuqotha	engezuqotha	ingezuqotha
Class 5	lizoqotha	elizoqotha	lizoqotha	alizuqotha	elingezuqotha	lingezuqotha
Class 6	azoqotha	azoqotha	ezoqotha	awazuqotha	angezuqotha	engezuqotha
Class 7	sizoqotha	esizoqotha	sizoqotha	asizuqotha	esingezuqotha	singezuqotha
Class 8	zizoqotha	ezizoqotha	zizoqotha	azizuqotha	ezingezuqotha	zingezuqotha
Class 9	izoqotha	ezoqotha	izoqotha	ayizuqotha	engezuqotha	ingezuqotha
Class 10	zizoqotha	ezizoqotha	zizoqotha	azizuqotha	ezingezuqotha	zingezuqotha
Class 11	luzoqotha	oluzoqotha	luzoqotha	aluzuqotha	olungezuqotha	lungezuqotha
Class 14	buzoqotha	obuzoqotha	buzoqotha	abuzuqotha	obungezuqotha	bungezuqotha
Class 15	kuzoqotha	okuzoqotha	kuzoqotha	akuzuqotha	okungezuqotha	kungezuqotha
Class 17	kuzoqotha	okuzoqotha	kuzoqotha	akuzuqotha	okungezuqotha	kungezuqotha
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyoqotha	engiyoqotha	ngiyoqotha	angiyuqotha	engingeyuqotha	ngingeyuqotha
2nd singular	uyoqotha	oyoqotha	uyoqotha	awuyuqotha	ongeyuqotha	ungeyuqotha
1st plural	siyoqotha	esiyoqotha	siyoqotha	asiyuqotha	esingeyuqotha	singeyuqotha
2nd plural	niyoqotha	eniyoqotha	niyoqotha	aniyuqotha	eningeyuqotha	ningeyuqotha
Class 1	uyoqotha	oyoqotha	eyoqotha	akayuqotha	ongeyuqotha	engeyuqotha
Class 2	bayoqotha	abayoqotha	beyoqotha	abayuqotha	abangeyuqotha	bengeyuqotha
Class 3	uyoqotha	oyoqotha	uyoqotha	awuyuqotha	ongeyuqotha	ungeyuqotha
Class 4	iyoqotha	eyoqotha	iyoqotha	ayiyuqotha	engeyuqotha	ingeyuqotha
Class 5	liyoqotha	eliyoqotha	liyoqotha	aliyuqotha	elingeyuqotha	lingeyuqotha
Class 6	ayoqotha	ayoqotha	eyoqotha	awayuqotha	angeyuqotha	engeyuqotha
Class 7	siyoqotha	esiyoqotha	siyoqotha	asiyuqotha	esingeyuqotha	singeyuqotha
Class 8	ziyoqotha	eziyoqotha	ziyoqotha	aziyuqotha	ezingeyuqotha	zingeyuqotha
Class 9	iyoqotha	eyoqotha	iyoqotha	ayiyuqotha	engeyuqotha	ingeyuqotha
Class 10	ziyoqotha	eziyoqotha	ziyoqotha	aziyuqotha	ezingeyuqotha	zingeyuqotha
Class 11	luyoqotha	oluyoqotha	luyoqotha	aluyuqotha	olungeyuqotha	lungeyuqotha
Class 14	buyoqotha	obuyoqotha	buyoqotha	abuyuqotha	obungeyuqotha	bungeyuqotha
Class 15	kuyoqotha	okuyoqotha	kuyoqotha	akuyuqotha	okungeyuqotha	kungeyuqotha
Class 17	kuyoqotha	okuyoqotha	kuyoqotha	akuyuqotha	okungeyuqotha	kungeyuqotha
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngiqothe	ngingaqothi
2nd singular	uqothe	ungaqothi
1st plural	siqothe	singaqothi
2nd plural	niqothe	ningaqothi
Class 1	aqothe	angaqothi
Class 2	baqothe	bangaqothi
Class 3	uqothe	ungaqothi
Class 4	iqothe	ingaqothi
Class 5	liqothe	lingaqothi
Class 6	aqothe	angaqothi
Class 7	siqothe	singaqothi
Class 8	ziqothe	zingaqothi
Class 9	iqothe	ingaqothi
Class 10	ziqothe	zingaqothi
Class 11	luqothe	lungaqothi
Class 14	buqothe	bungaqothi
Class 15	kuqothe	kungaqothi
Class 17	kuqothe	kungaqothi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngaqotha	ngangaqotha, angaqotha, angangaqotha
2nd singular	waqotha	wangaqotha, awaqotha, awangaqotha
1st plural	saqotha	sangaqotha, asaqotha, asangaqotha
2nd plural	naqotha	nangaqotha, anaqotha, anangaqotha
Class 1	waqotha	wangaqotha, akaqotha, akangaqotha
Class 2	baqotha	bangaqotha, abaqotha, abangaqotha
Class 3	waqotha	wangaqotha, awaqotha, awangaqotha
Class 4	yaqotha	yangaqotha, ayaqotha, ayangaqotha
Class 5	laqotha	langaqotha, alaqotha, alangaqotha
Class 6	aqotha	angaqotha, awaqotha, awangaqotha
Class 7	saqotha	sangaqotha, asaqotha, asangaqotha
Class 8	zaqotha	zangaqotha, azaqotha, azangaqotha
Class 9	yaqotha	yangaqotha, ayaqotha, ayangaqotha
Class 10	zaqotha	zangaqotha, azaqotha, azangaqotha
Class 11	lwaqotha	lwangaqotha, alwaqotha, alwangaqotha
Class 14	baqotha	bangaqotha, abaqotha, abangaqotha
Class 15	kwaqotha	kwangaqotha, akwaqotha, akwangaqotha
Class 17	kwaqotha	kwangaqotha, akwaqotha, akwangaqotha

Derived terms

• umqotho

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “qotha”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “qotha (3.9)”