qhina

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-qhina^?

1. (intransitive) to be clogged

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ǃʰiːna/

Verb

-qhina

1. (intransitive) to plait the hair

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive	ukuqhina
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukuqhina	ukungaqhini
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	qhina	-qhine
Plural	qhinani	-qhineni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyaqhina, ngiqhina	engiqhinayo, engiqhina	ngiqhina	angiqhini	engingaqhini	ngingaqhini
2nd singular	uyaqhina, uqhina	oqhinayo, oqhina	uqhina	awuqhini	ongaqhini	ungaqhini
1st plural	siyaqhina, siqhina	esiqhinayo, esiqhina	siqhina	asiqhini	esingaqhini	singaqhini
2nd plural	niyaqhina, niqhina	eniqhinayo, eniqhina	niqhina	aniqhini	eningaqhini	ningaqhini
Class 1	uyaqhina, uqhina	oqhinayo, oqhina	eqhina	akaqhini	ongaqhini	engaqhini
Class 2	bayaqhina, baqhina	abaqhinayo, abaqhina	beqhina	abaqhini	abangaqhini	bengaqhini
Class 3	uyaqhina, uqhina	oqhinayo, oqhina	uqhina	awuqhini	ongaqhini	ungaqhini
Class 4	iyaqhina, iqhina	eqhinayo, eqhina	iqhina	ayiqhini	engaqhini	ingaqhini
Class 5	liyaqhina, liqhina	eliqhinayo, eliqhina	liqhina	aliqhini	elingaqhini	lingaqhini
Class 6	ayaqhina, aqhina	aqhinayo, aqhina	eqhina	awaqhini	angaqhini	engaqhini
Class 7	siyaqhina, siqhina	esiqhinayo, esiqhina	siqhina	asiqhini	esingaqhini	singaqhini
Class 8	ziyaqhina, ziqhina	eziqhinayo, eziqhina	ziqhina	aziqhini	ezingaqhini	zingaqhini
Class 9	iyaqhina, iqhina	eqhinayo, eqhina	iqhina	ayiqhini	engaqhini	ingaqhini
Class 10	ziyaqhina, ziqhina	eziqhinayo, eziqhina	ziqhina	aziqhini	ezingaqhini	zingaqhini
Class 11	luyaqhina, luqhina	oluqhinayo, oluqhina	luqhina	aluqhini	olungaqhini	lungaqhini
Class 14	buyaqhina, buqhina	obuqhinayo, obuqhina	buqhina	abuqhini	obungaqhini	bungaqhini
Class 15	kuyaqhina, kuqhina	okuqhinayo, okuqhina	kuqhina	akuqhini	okungaqhini	kungaqhini
Class 17	kuyaqhina, kuqhina	okuqhinayo, okuqhina	kuqhina	akuqhini	okungaqhini	kungaqhini
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiqhinile, ngiqhinē	engiqhinile, engiqhinē	ngiqhinile, ngiqhinē	angiqhinanga	engingaqhinanga	ngingaqhinanga
2nd singular	uqhinile, uqhinē	oqhinile, oqhinē	uqhinile, uqhinē	awuqhinanga	ongaqhinanga	ungaqhinanga
1st plural	siqhinile, siqhinē	esiqhinile, esiqhinē	siqhinile, siqhinē	asiqhinanga	esingaqhinanga	singaqhinanga
2nd plural	niqhinile, niqhinē	eniqhinile, eniqhinē	niqhinile, niqhinē	aniqhinanga	eningaqhinanga	ningaqhinanga
Class 1	uqhinile, uqhinē	oqhinile, oqhinē	eqhinile, eqhinē	akaqhinanga	ongaqhinanga	engaqhinanga
Class 2	baqhinile, baqhinē	abaqhinile, abaqhinē	beqhinile, beqhinē	abaqhinanga	abangaqhinanga	bengaqhinanga
Class 3	uqhinile, uqhinē	oqhinile, oqhinē	uqhinile, uqhinē	awuqhinanga	ongaqhinanga	ungaqhinanga
Class 4	iqhinile, iqhinē	eqhinile, eqhinē	iqhinile, iqhinē	ayiqhinanga	engaqhinanga	ingaqhinanga
Class 5	liqhinile, liqhinē	eliqhinile, eliqhinē	liqhinile, liqhinē	aliqhinanga	elingaqhinanga	lingaqhinanga
Class 6	aqhinile, aqhinē	aqhinile, aqhinē	eqhinile, eqhinē	awaqhinanga	angaqhinanga	engaqhinanga
Class 7	siqhinile, siqhinē	esiqhinile, esiqhinē	siqhinile, siqhinē	asiqhinanga	esingaqhinanga	singaqhinanga
Class 8	ziqhinile, ziqhinē	eziqhinile, eziqhinē	ziqhinile, ziqhinē	aziqhinanga	ezingaqhinanga	zingaqhinanga
Class 9	iqhinile, iqhinē	eqhinile, eqhinē	iqhinile, iqhinē	ayiqhinanga	engaqhinanga	ingaqhinanga
Class 10	ziqhinile, ziqhinē	eziqhinile, eziqhinē	ziqhinile, ziqhinē	aziqhinanga	ezingaqhinanga	zingaqhinanga
Class 11	luqhinile, luqhinē	oluqhinile, oluqhinē	luqhinile, luqhinē	aluqhinanga	olungaqhinanga	lungaqhinanga
Class 14	buqhinile, buqhinē	obuqhinile, obuqhinē	buqhinile, buqhinē	abuqhinanga	obungaqhinanga	bungaqhinanga
Class 15	kuqhinile, kuqhinē	okuqhinile, okuqhinē	kuqhinile, kuqhinē	akuqhinanga	okungaqhinanga	kungaqhinanga
Class 17	kuqhinile, kuqhinē	okuqhinile, okuqhinē	kuqhinile, kuqhinē	akuqhinanga	okungaqhinanga	kungaqhinanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāqhina	engāqhina	ngāqhina	angiqhinanga	engingaqhinanga	ngingaqhinanga
2nd singular	wāqhina	owāqhina	wāqhina	awuqhinanga	ongaqhinanga	ungaqhinanga
1st plural	sāqhina	esāqhina	sāqhina	asiqhinanga	esingaqhinanga	singaqhinanga
2nd plural	nāqhina	enāqhina	nāqhina	aniqhinanga	eningaqhinanga	ningaqhinanga
Class 1	wāqhina	owāqhina	āqhina	akaqhinanga	ongaqhinanga	engaqhinanga
Class 2	bāqhina	abāqhina	bāqhina	abaqhinanga	abangaqhinanga	bengaqhinanga
Class 3	wāqhina	owāqhina	wāqhina	awuqhinanga	ongaqhinanga	ungaqhinanga
Class 4	yāqhina	eyāqhina	yāqhina	ayiqhinanga	engaqhinanga	ingaqhinanga
Class 5	lāqhina	elāqhina	lāqhina	aliqhinanga	elingaqhinanga	lingaqhinanga
Class 6	āqhina	āqhina	āqhina	awaqhinanga	angaqhinanga	engaqhinanga
Class 7	sāqhina	esāqhina	sāqhina	asiqhinanga	esingaqhinanga	singaqhinanga
Class 8	zāqhina	ezāqhina	zāqhina	aziqhinanga	ezingaqhinanga	zingaqhinanga
Class 9	yāqhina	eyāqhina	yāqhina	ayiqhinanga	engaqhinanga	ingaqhinanga
Class 10	zāqhina	ezāqhina	zāqhina	aziqhinanga	ezingaqhinanga	zingaqhinanga
Class 11	lwāqhina	olwāqhina	lwāqhina	aluqhinanga	olungaqhinanga	lungaqhinanga
Class 14	bāqhina	obāqhina	bāqhina	abuqhinanga	obungaqhinanga	bungaqhinanga
Class 15	kwāqhina	okwāqhina	kwāqhina	akuqhinanga	okungaqhinanga	kungaqhinanga
Class 17	kwāqhina	okwāqhina	kwāqhina	akuqhinanga	okungaqhinanga	kungaqhinanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingaqhina	—	ngingaqhina	ngingeqhine	—	ngingeqhine
2nd singular	ungaqhina	—	ungaqhina	ungeqhine	—	ungeqhine
1st plural	singaqhina	—	singaqhina	singeqhine	—	singeqhine
2nd plural	ningaqhina	—	ningaqhina	ningeqhine	—	ningeqhine
Class 1	angaqhina	—	engaqhina	angeqhine	—	engeqhine
Class 2	bangaqhina	—	bengaqhina	bangeqhine	—	bengeqhine
Class 3	ungaqhina	—	ungaqhina	ungeqhine	—	ungeqhine
Class 4	ingaqhina	—	ingaqhina	ingeqhine	—	ingeqhine
Class 5	lingaqhina	—	lingaqhina	lingeqhine	—	lingeqhine
Class 6	angaqhina	—	engaqhina	angeqhine	—	engeqhine
Class 7	singaqhina	—	singaqhina	singeqhine	—	singeqhine
Class 8	zingaqhina	—	zingaqhina	zingeqhine	—	zingeqhine
Class 9	ingaqhina	—	ingaqhina	ingeqhine	—	ingeqhine
Class 10	zingaqhina	—	zingaqhina	zingeqhine	—	zingeqhine
Class 11	lungaqhina	—	lungaqhina	lungeqhine	—	lungeqhine
Class 14	bungaqhina	—	bungaqhina	bungeqhine	—	bungeqhine
Class 15	kungaqhina	—	kungaqhina	kungeqhine	—	kungeqhine
Class 17	kungaqhina	—	kungaqhina	kungeqhine	—	kungeqhine
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizoqhina	engizoqhina	ngizoqhina	angizuqhina	engingezuqhina	ngingezuqhina
2nd singular	uzoqhina	ozoqhina	uzoqhina	awuzuqhina	ongezuqhina	ungezuqhina
1st plural	sizoqhina	esizoqhina	sizoqhina	asizuqhina	esingezuqhina	singezuqhina
2nd plural	nizoqhina	enizoqhina	nizoqhina	anizuqhina	eningezuqhina	ningezuqhina
Class 1	uzoqhina	ozoqhina	ezoqhina	akazuqhina	ongezuqhina	engezuqhina
Class 2	bazoqhina	abazoqhina	bezoqhina	abazuqhina	abangezuqhina	bengezuqhina
Class 3	uzoqhina	ozoqhina	uzoqhina	awuzuqhina	ongezuqhina	ungezuqhina
Class 4	izoqhina	ezoqhina	izoqhina	ayizuqhina	engezuqhina	ingezuqhina
Class 5	lizoqhina	elizoqhina	lizoqhina	alizuqhina	elingezuqhina	lingezuqhina
Class 6	azoqhina	azoqhina	ezoqhina	awazuqhina	angezuqhina	engezuqhina
Class 7	sizoqhina	esizoqhina	sizoqhina	asizuqhina	esingezuqhina	singezuqhina
Class 8	zizoqhina	ezizoqhina	zizoqhina	azizuqhina	ezingezuqhina	zingezuqhina
Class 9	izoqhina	ezoqhina	izoqhina	ayizuqhina	engezuqhina	ingezuqhina
Class 10	zizoqhina	ezizoqhina	zizoqhina	azizuqhina	ezingezuqhina	zingezuqhina
Class 11	luzoqhina	oluzoqhina	luzoqhina	aluzuqhina	olungezuqhina	lungezuqhina
Class 14	buzoqhina	obuzoqhina	buzoqhina	abuzuqhina	obungezuqhina	bungezuqhina
Class 15	kuzoqhina	okuzoqhina	kuzoqhina	akuzuqhina	okungezuqhina	kungezuqhina
Class 17	kuzoqhina	okuzoqhina	kuzoqhina	akuzuqhina	okungezuqhina	kungezuqhina
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyoqhina	engiyoqhina	ngiyoqhina	angiyuqhina	engingeyuqhina	ngingeyuqhina
2nd singular	uyoqhina	oyoqhina	uyoqhina	awuyuqhina	ongeyuqhina	ungeyuqhina
1st plural	siyoqhina	esiyoqhina	siyoqhina	asiyuqhina	esingeyuqhina	singeyuqhina
2nd plural	niyoqhina	eniyoqhina	niyoqhina	aniyuqhina	eningeyuqhina	ningeyuqhina
Class 1	uyoqhina	oyoqhina	eyoqhina	akayuqhina	ongeyuqhina	engeyuqhina
Class 2	bayoqhina	abayoqhina	beyoqhina	abayuqhina	abangeyuqhina	bengeyuqhina
Class 3	uyoqhina	oyoqhina	uyoqhina	awuyuqhina	ongeyuqhina	ungeyuqhina
Class 4	iyoqhina	eyoqhina	iyoqhina	ayiyuqhina	engeyuqhina	ingeyuqhina
Class 5	liyoqhina	eliyoqhina	liyoqhina	aliyuqhina	elingeyuqhina	lingeyuqhina
Class 6	ayoqhina	ayoqhina	eyoqhina	awayuqhina	angeyuqhina	engeyuqhina
Class 7	siyoqhina	esiyoqhina	siyoqhina	asiyuqhina	esingeyuqhina	singeyuqhina
Class 8	ziyoqhina	eziyoqhina	ziyoqhina	aziyuqhina	ezingeyuqhina	zingeyuqhina
Class 9	iyoqhina	eyoqhina	iyoqhina	ayiyuqhina	engeyuqhina	ingeyuqhina
Class 10	ziyoqhina	eziyoqhina	ziyoqhina	aziyuqhina	ezingeyuqhina	zingeyuqhina
Class 11	luyoqhina	oluyoqhina	luyoqhina	aluyuqhina	olungeyuqhina	lungeyuqhina
Class 14	buyoqhina	obuyoqhina	buyoqhina	abuyuqhina	obungeyuqhina	bungeyuqhina
Class 15	kuyoqhina	okuyoqhina	kuyoqhina	akuyuqhina	okungeyuqhina	kungeyuqhina
Class 17	kuyoqhina	okuyoqhina	kuyoqhina	akuyuqhina	okungeyuqhina	kungeyuqhina
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngiqhine	ngingaqhini
2nd singular	uqhine	ungaqhini
1st plural	siqhine	singaqhini
2nd plural	niqhine	ningaqhini
Class 1	aqhine	angaqhini
Class 2	baqhine	bangaqhini
Class 3	uqhine	ungaqhini
Class 4	iqhine	ingaqhini
Class 5	liqhine	lingaqhini
Class 6	aqhine	angaqhini
Class 7	siqhine	singaqhini
Class 8	ziqhine	zingaqhini
Class 9	iqhine	ingaqhini
Class 10	ziqhine	zingaqhini
Class 11	luqhine	lungaqhini
Class 14	buqhine	bungaqhini
Class 15	kuqhine	kungaqhini
Class 17	kuqhine	kungaqhini
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngaqhina	ngangaqhina, angaqhina, angangaqhina
2nd singular	waqhina	wangaqhina, awaqhina, awangaqhina
1st plural	saqhina	sangaqhina, asaqhina, asangaqhina
2nd plural	naqhina	nangaqhina, anaqhina, anangaqhina
Class 1	waqhina	wangaqhina, akaqhina, akangaqhina
Class 2	baqhina	bangaqhina, abaqhina, abangaqhina
Class 3	waqhina	wangaqhina, awaqhina, awangaqhina
Class 4	yaqhina	yangaqhina, ayaqhina, ayangaqhina
Class 5	laqhina	langaqhina, alaqhina, alangaqhina
Class 6	aqhina	angaqhina, awaqhina, awangaqhina
Class 7	saqhina	sangaqhina, asaqhina, asangaqhina
Class 8	zaqhina	zangaqhina, azaqhina, azangaqhina
Class 9	yaqhina	yangaqhina, ayaqhina, ayangaqhina
Class 10	zaqhina	zangaqhina, azaqhina, azangaqhina
Class 11	lwaqhina	lwangaqhina, alwaqhina, alwangaqhina
Class 14	baqhina	bangaqhina, abaqhina, abangaqhina
Class 15	kwaqhina	kwangaqhina, akwaqhina, akwangaqhina
Class 17	kwaqhina	kwangaqhina, akwaqhina, akwangaqhina

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “qhina”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “qhina (6.3)”