pucol
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Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From German putzen (“to clean, polish”)[1] + -ol (verb-forming suffix).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]pucol
- (transitive) to clean, polish
- (transitive) to peel (to remove skin)
- (colloquial) to clear off
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of pucol
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | pucolok | pucolsz | pucol | pucolunk | pucoltok | pucolnak | |
Def. | pucolom | pucolod | pucolja | pucoljuk | pucoljátok | pucolják | |||
2nd-p. o. | pucollak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | pucoltam | pucoltál | pucolt | pucoltunk | pucoltatok | pucoltak | ||
Def. | pucoltam | pucoltad | pucolta | pucoltuk | pucoltátok | pucolták | |||
2nd-p. o. | pucoltalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. pucolni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | pucolék | pucolál | pucola | pucolánk | pucolátok | pucolának | ||
Def. | pucolám | pucolád | pucolá | pucolánk | pucolátok | pucolák | |||
2nd-p. o. | pucolálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. pucol vala, pucolt vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | pucolandok | pucolandasz | pucoland | pucolandunk | pucolandotok | pucolandanak | ||
Def. | pucolandom | pucolandod | pucolandja | pucolandjuk | pucolandjátok | pucolandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | pucolandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | pucolnék | pucolnál | pucolna | pucolnánk | pucolnátok | pucolnának | |
Def. | pucolnám | pucolnád | pucolná | pucolnánk (or pucolnók) |
pucolnátok | pucolnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | pucolnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. pucolt volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | pucoljak | pucolj or pucoljál |
pucoljon | pucoljunk | pucoljatok | pucoljanak | |
Def. | pucoljam | pucold or pucoljad |
pucolja | pucoljuk | pucoljátok | pucolják | |||
2nd-p. o. | pucoljalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. pucolt légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | pucolni | pucolnom | pucolnod | pucolnia | pucolnunk | pucolnotok | pucolniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
pucolás | pucoló | pucolt | pucolandó | pucolva (pucolván) | pucoltat | ||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of pucol
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | pucolhatok | pucolhatsz | pucolhat | pucolhatunk | pucolhattok | pucolhatnak | |
Def. | pucolhatom | pucolhatod | pucolhatja | pucolhatjuk | pucolhatjátok | pucolhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | pucolhatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | pucolhattam | pucolhattál | pucolhatott | pucolhattunk | pucolhattatok | pucolhattak | ||
Def. | pucolhattam | pucolhattad | pucolhatta | pucolhattuk | pucolhattátok | pucolhatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | pucolhattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | pucolhaték | pucolhatál | pucolhata | pucolhatánk | pucolhatátok | pucolhatának | ||
Def. | pucolhatám | pucolhatád | pucolhatá | pucolhatánk | pucolhatátok | pucolhaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | pucolhatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. pucolhat vala, pucolhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | pucolhatandok or pucolandhatok |
pucolhatandasz or pucolandhatsz |
pucolhatand or pucolandhat |
pucolhatandunk or pucolandhatunk |
pucolhatandotok or pucolandhattok |
pucolhatandanak or pucolandhatnak | ||
Def. | pucolhatandom or pucolandhatom |
pucolhatandod or pucolandhatod |
pucolhatandja or pucolandhatja |
pucolhatandjuk or pucolandhatjuk |
pucolhatandjátok or pucolandhatjátok |
pucolhatandják or pucolandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | pucolhatandalak or pucolandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | pucolhatnék | pucolhatnál | pucolhatna | pucolhatnánk | pucolhatnátok | pucolhatnának | |
Def. | pucolhatnám | pucolhatnád | pucolhatná | pucolhatnánk (or pucolhatnók) |
pucolhatnátok | pucolhatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | pucolhatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. pucolhatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | pucolhassak | pucolhass or pucolhassál |
pucolhasson | pucolhassunk | pucolhassatok | pucolhassanak | |
Def. | pucolhassam | pucolhasd or pucolhassad |
pucolhassa | pucolhassuk | pucolhassátok | pucolhassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | pucolhassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. pucolhatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (pucolhatni) | (pucolhatnom) | (pucolhatnod) | (pucolhatnia) | (pucolhatnunk) | (pucolhatnotok) | (pucolhatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | pucolható | Neg. adj. | pucolhatatlan | Adv. part. | (pucolhatva / pucolhatván) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit](With verbal prefixes):
References
[edit]- ^ pucol in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
[edit]- pucol in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN