protoplasma

See also: Protoplasma

Finnish

Etymology

Borrowed from English protoplasma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈprotoˌplɑsmɑ/, [ˈpro̞t̪o̞ˌplɑ̝s̠mɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ɑsmɑ
• Hyphenation^(key): proto‧plasma

Noun

protoplasma

1. (biology) protoplasm

Declension

Inflection of protoplasma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		protoplasma	protoplasmat
genitive		protoplasman	protoplasmojen
partitive		protoplasmaa	protoplasmoja
illative		protoplasmaan	protoplasmoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		protoplasma	protoplasmat
accusative	nom.	protoplasma	protoplasmat
	gen.	protoplasman
genitive		protoplasman	protoplasmojen protoplasmain rare
partitive		protoplasmaa	protoplasmoja
inessive		protoplasmassa	protoplasmoissa
elative		protoplasmasta	protoplasmoista
illative		protoplasmaan	protoplasmoihin
adessive		protoplasmalla	protoplasmoilla
ablative		protoplasmalta	protoplasmoilta
allative		protoplasmalle	protoplasmoille
essive		protoplasmana	protoplasmoina
translative		protoplasmaksi	protoplasmoiksi
abessive		protoplasmatta	protoplasmoitta
instructive		—	protoplasmoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of protoplasma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative protoplasmani protoplasmani accusative nom. protoplasmani protoplasmani gen. protoplasmani genitive protoplasmani protoplasmojeni protoplasmaini rare partitive protoplasmaani protoplasmojani inessive protoplasmassani protoplasmoissani elative protoplasmastani protoplasmoistani illative protoplasmaani protoplasmoihini adessive protoplasmallani protoplasmoillani ablative protoplasmaltani protoplasmoiltani allative protoplasmalleni protoplasmoilleni essive protoplasmanani protoplasmoinani translative protoplasmakseni protoplasmoikseni abessive protoplasmattani protoplasmoittani instructive — — comitative — protoplasmoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative protoplasmasi protoplasmasi accusative nom. protoplasmasi protoplasmasi gen. protoplasmasi genitive protoplasmasi protoplasmojesi protoplasmaisi rare partitive protoplasmaasi protoplasmojasi inessive protoplasmassasi protoplasmoissasi elative protoplasmastasi protoplasmoistasi illative protoplasmaasi protoplasmoihisi adessive protoplasmallasi protoplasmoillasi ablative protoplasmaltasi protoplasmoiltasi allative protoplasmallesi protoplasmoillesi essive protoplasmanasi protoplasmoinasi translative protoplasmaksesi protoplasmoiksesi abessive protoplasmattasi protoplasmoittasi instructive — — comitative — protoplasmoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative protoplasmamme protoplasmamme accusative nom. protoplasmamme protoplasmamme gen. protoplasmamme genitive protoplasmamme protoplasmojemme protoplasmaimme rare partitive protoplasmaamme protoplasmojamme inessive protoplasmassamme protoplasmoissamme elative protoplasmastamme protoplasmoistamme illative protoplasmaamme protoplasmoihimme adessive protoplasmallamme protoplasmoillamme ablative protoplasmaltamme protoplasmoiltamme allative protoplasmallemme protoplasmoillemme essive protoplasmanamme protoplasmoinamme translative protoplasmaksemme protoplasmoiksemme abessive protoplasmattamme protoplasmoittamme instructive — — comitative — protoplasmoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative protoplasmanne protoplasmanne accusative nom. protoplasmanne protoplasmanne gen. protoplasmanne genitive protoplasmanne protoplasmojenne protoplasmainne rare partitive protoplasmaanne protoplasmojanne inessive protoplasmassanne protoplasmoissanne elative protoplasmastanne protoplasmoistanne illative protoplasmaanne protoplasmoihinne adessive protoplasmallanne protoplasmoillanne ablative protoplasmaltanne protoplasmoiltanne allative protoplasmallenne protoplasmoillenne essive protoplasmananne protoplasmoinanne translative protoplasmaksenne protoplasmoiksenne abessive protoplasmattanne protoplasmoittanne instructive — — comitative — protoplasmoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative protoplasmansa protoplasmansa accusative nom. protoplasmansa protoplasmansa gen. protoplasmansa genitive protoplasmansa protoplasmojensa protoplasmainsa rare partitive protoplasmaansa protoplasmojaan protoplasmojansa inessive protoplasmassaan protoplasmassansa protoplasmoissaan protoplasmoissansa elative protoplasmastaan protoplasmastansa protoplasmoistaan protoplasmoistansa illative protoplasmaansa protoplasmoihinsa adessive protoplasmallaan protoplasmallansa protoplasmoillaan protoplasmoillansa ablative protoplasmaltaan protoplasmaltansa protoplasmoiltaan protoplasmoiltansa allative protoplasmalleen protoplasmallensa protoplasmoilleen protoplasmoillensa essive protoplasmanaan protoplasmanansa protoplasmoinaan protoplasmoinansa translative protoplasmakseen protoplasmaksensa protoplasmoikseen protoplasmoiksensa abessive protoplasmattaan protoplasmattansa protoplasmoittaan protoplasmoittansa instructive — — comitative — protoplasmoineen protoplasmoinensa

Synonyms

• alkulima

Further reading

• “protoplasma”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

Indonesian

Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch protoplasma (“protoplasm”), from German Protoplasma, coined by Czech physiologist Jan Evangelista Purkyně, from Ancient Greek πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”) + πλάσμα (plásma, “something molded”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /protoˈplasma/ [pro.t̪oˈplas.ma]
• Rhymes: -asma
• Syllabification: pro‧to‧plas‧ma

Noun

protoplasma (plural protoplasma-protoplasma)

1. (cytology) protoplasm: the entire contents of a cell comprising the nucleus and the cytoplasm. It is a semi-fluid, transparent substance which is the living matter of plant and animal cells.

Further reading

• “protoplasma” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
• Hadyana Pudjaatmaka, Susilowati (1987) Kamus Kimia: Biokimia [Dictionary of Chemistry: Biochemistry] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, →ISBN, page 177: “protoplasma”

Italian

Etymology

From proto- +‎ plasma.

Noun

protoplasma m (plural protoplasmi)

1. (cytology) protoplasm

Derived terms

• protoplasmatico

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˌpɾɔ.toˈplaz.mɐ/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˌpɾɔ.toˈplaz.mɐ/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˌpɾɔ.toˈplaʒ.mɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˌpɾɔ.toˈplaz.ma/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˌpɾɔ.tɔˈplaʒ.mɐ/

• Hyphenation: pro‧to‧plas‧ma

Noun

protoplasma m (plural protoplasmas)

1. (cytology) protoplasm (contents of a cell)

Spanish

Noun

protoplasma m (plural protoplasmas)

1. (cytology) protoplasm

Derived terms

• protoplasmático

 

Further reading

• “protoplasma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10